Abhi PYQ

6th Semester Syllabus

VLSI Design & Technology

Credits Table

Course Title L T P Credits
VLSI Fabrication Technology [159601] 3 0 0 3
Embedded System [159602] 3 0 0 3
Advanced Computer Architecture [159603] 3 0 0 3
Digital system design using Verilog [159604] 2 0 0 2
Program Elective-I [1596XX] 3 0 0 3
Open Elective Course-I [1006XX] 3 0 0 3
Embedded System Lab [159602P] 0 0 2 1
Digital system design using Verilog Lab [159604P] 0 0 2 1
NPTEL-II [100604P] 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 21

Theory Subjects

Lab Subjects

VLSI Fabrication Technology [159601]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction
    • Fundamental Considerations for IC Processing
    • NMOS IC Technology
    • CMOS IC Technology
    • MOS Memory IC Technology
    • IC Fabrication
  • Unit 2.0: Crystal Growth and Wafer Preparation
    • Introduction
    • Electronic Grade Silicon
    • Czochralski Crystal Growing
    • Silicon Shaping
    • Processing Considerations
  • Unit 3.0: Epitaxy and Oxidation
    • Introduction to Epitaxy
    • Vapor Phase Epitaxy
    • Molecular Beam Epitaxy
    • Silicon on Insulators
    • Epitaxial Evaluation
    • Introduction to Oxidation
    • Growth Mechanism and Kinematics
    • Thin Oxides
    • Oxidation Techniques and Systems
    • Oxidation of Polysilicon
  • Unit 4.0: Lithography
    • Introduction
    • Optical Lithography
    • Electron Lithography
    • Ion Lithography
    • Plasma Properties
    • Feature Size Control and Anisotropic Etch Mechanism
    • Reactive Plasma Etching Techniques and Equipment
    • Specific Etch Process
  • Unit 5.0: Dielectric and Polysilicon Film Deposition I
    • Introduction
    • Deposition Process
    • Polysilicon
    • Silicon Dioxide
    • Automatic Diffusion Mechanism
    • Measurement Techniques
    • Range Theory
  • Unit 6.0: Dielectric and Polysilicon Film Deposition II
    • Metalization
    • Metalization Applications
    • Metalization Choices
    • Patterning
    • Metalization Problems

Text/Reference Books:

  1. S.M.Sze "VLSI Technology", McGraw Hill Companies Inc. (2nd Edition)
  2. C.Y. Chang and S.M.Sze (Ed), "ULSI Technology", McGraw Hill Companies Inc.
  3. Stephena, Campbell, "The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication", Second Edition, Oxford University Press.
  4. James D.Plummer, Michael D.Deal, "Silicon VLSI Technology"

Embedded System [159602]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Embedded Systems
    • Embedded Systems Overview
    • Characteristics of Embedded Computing Applications
    • Design Challenges
    • Common Design Metrics
    • Embedded Systems Design Flow
    • Processor Technology
    • IC Technology
    • Trade-Offs
  • Unit 2.0: Specification Techniques
    • State Charts
    • Modeling Hierarchy
    • Specification Description Language (SDL)
    • Petri Nets
    • Embedded Systems Modeling with Petri Nets
    • Unified Modeling Language (UML)
    • Activity Diagram
    • Class Diagram
    • Component Diagram
    • Use-Case Diagram
    • Sequence Diagram
    • UML Specification Examples
  • Unit 3.0: Introduction to ARM Processors
    • Introduction to ARM Processors
    • Evolution of ARM Processors
    • Pipeline Organization
    • ARM Processor Cores and CPU Cores
    • Introduction to ARM Cortex-M Processors
    • ARM Cortex-M4 Processor's Architecture
    • Programmer's Model
    • Special Registers
    • Operation Modes
    • Memory Map
    • Memory Access Attributes
    • Overview of Interrupts and Exceptions
  • Unit 4.0: ARM Cortex-M4 Programming I
    • Assembly Basics
    • Instruction Set
    • Data Transfer
    • Data Processing
    • Conditional and Branch Instructions
    • Barrier and Saturation Operations
    • Cortex-M4-Specific Instructions
    • Thumb-2 Instructions
  • Unit 5.0: ARM Cortex-M4 Programming II
    • Keil Microcontroller Development Kit for ARM
    • Typical Program Compilation Flow
    • Sample Arithmetic and Logical Assembly Language Programs
  • Unit 6.0: Embedded Systems Interfacing
    • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
    • Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C)
    • RS-232
    • Universal Serial Bus (USB)
    • CAN
    • IrDA
    • Bluetooth
    • PCI and AMBA Bus Protocols

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Shibu K V, "Introduction to Embedded Systems", Tata McGraw Hill Education
  2. Andrew N Sloss, Dominic System and Chris Wright, "ARM System Developers Guide", Elsevier, Morgan Kaufman publisher, 1st Edition, 2008.

Advanced Computer Architecture [159603]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to High Performance Computing
    • RISC Philosophy and Overview of Pipelined Architecture
    • Performance Evaluation of Pipelined Architecture
    • Limitations of Scalar Pipelines
    • Instruction Level Parallelism
  • Unit 2.0: Superscalar Architecture
    • Instruction Flow Optimization
    • Handling Branches
    • Advanced Optimization in Instruction Flow
    • Register Flow Techniques: Register Renaming and Out of Order Execution
  • Unit 3.0: Advanced Data Flow Techniques
    • Instruction Reuse and Value Prediction
    • Memory Data Flow
    • Advanced Memory Data Flow Architectures
    • Performance Evaluation of Superscalar Architectures
  • Unit 4.0: Multi-Threading and SMT Architectures
    • Multi-Threading
    • Simultaneous Multithreaded (SMT) Architectures
    • SMT Architecture: Choices
    • SMT Performance on Various Designs
    • SMT Architecture: OS Impact and Adaptive Architectures
    • Multi Scalar Architecture
  • Unit 5.0: Multi-Core Architectures I
    • Multi-Core Interconnect - NOC
    • Network-on-Chip
    • Cache Coherence
  • Unit 6.0: Multi-Core Architectures II
    • Cache Consistency Model
    • Dynamic Core Architectures
    • GPGPU Architecture
    • CPU-GPU Integration

Text/Reference Books:

  1. J.L. Hennessy, and D.A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A quantitative approach, Fifth Edition, Morgan Kaufman Publication, 2012.
  2. J.P. Shen and M.H. Lipasti, Modern Processor Design, MC Graw Hill, Crowfordsville, 2005.

Digital system design using Verilog [159604]

  • Unit 1.0: Binary Codes and Boolean Expressions
    • Binary Codes - Weighted and Non-Weighted
    • Binary Arithmetic Conversion Algorithms
    • Canonical and Standard Boolean Expressions
    • Truth Tables
    • K-Map Reduction
    • Don't Care Conditions
    • Adders / Subtractors
    • Carry Look-Ahead Adder
    • Code Conversion Algorithms
    • Design of Code Converters
    • Equivalence Functions
  • Unit 2.0: Combinational Logic Design
    • Binary/Decimal Parallel Adder/Subtractor for Signed Numbers
    • Magnitude Comparator
    • Decoders / Encoders
    • Multiplexers / Demultiplexers
    • Boolean Function Implementation Using Multiplexers
  • Unit 3.0: Sequential Logic
    • Basic Latch
    • Flip-Flops (SR, D, JK, T and Master-Slave)
    • Triggering of Flip-Flops
    • Counters - Design Procedure
    • Ripple Counters
    • BCD and Binary Counters
    • Synchronous Counters
    • Registers
    • Shift Registers
    • Registers with Parallel Load
    • Reduction of State and Flow Tables
    • Race-Free State Assignment
    • Hazards
  • Unit 4.0: Introduction to VLSI Design and Verilog Concepts
    • Introduction to VLSI Design
    • Basic Gate Design
    • Digital VLSI Design
    • Design of General Boolean Circuits Using CMOS Gates
    • Verilog Concepts - Basic Concepts
    • Modules & Ports & Functions
    • Useful Modeling Techniques
    • Timing and Delays
    • User Defined Primitives
    • Modeling Techniques
  • Unit 5.0: Advanced Verilog Concepts
    • Synthesis Concepts
    • Inferring Latches and Flip-Flops
    • Modeling Techniques for Efficient Circuit Design
  • Unit 6.0: Design of High-Speed Arithmetic Circuits
    • Parallelism
    • Pipelined Wallace Tree Multipliers
    • Systolic Algorithms
    • Systolic Matrix Multiplication

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Morris Mano and Michael D. Ciletti, "Digital Design", 5th edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2012
  2. Samir Palnitkar, "Verilog HDL", 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2003

Low Power VLSI Design [159605]

  • Unit 1.0: Low Power CMOS VLSI Design
    • Introduction
    • Sources of Power Dissipation
    • Static Power Dissipation
    • Active Power Dissipation
    • Circuit Techniques for Low Power Design
    • Introduction to Circuit Techniques for Low Power
    • Designing for Low Power
    • Circuit Techniques for Leakage Power Reduction
  • Unit 2.0: Low-Power Design Approaches
    • Low-Power Design through Voltage Scaling
    • VTCMOS Circuits
    • MTCMOS Circuits
    • Architectural Level Approach - Pipelining and Parallel Processing Approaches
  • Unit 3.0: Low Voltage Low Power Adders
    • Introduction
    • Standard Adder Cells
    • CMOS Adder's Architectures
    • Low Voltage Low Power Design Techniques
    • Current Mode Adders
  • Unit 4.0: Low Voltage Low Power Multipliers
    • Introduction
    • Overview of Multiplication
    • Types of Multiplier Architectures
    • Braun Multiplier
    • Baugh-Wooley Multiplier
    • Booth Multiplier
  • Unit 5.0: Low-Voltage Low-Power Memories I
    • Basics of ROM
    • Low-Power ROM Technology
    • Future Trend and Development of ROMs
    • Basics of SRAM
    • Memory Cell
    • Precharge and Equalization Circuit
  • Unit 6.0: Low-Voltage Low-Power Memories II
    • Low Power SRAM Technologies
    • Basics of DRAM
    • Self-Refresh Circuit
    • Future Trend and Development of DRAM

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Kiat Seng Yeo, Kaushik Roy (2012), Low Voltage, Low Power VLSI Subsystems, TATA McGraw-Hill
  2. Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits – Analysis and Design, TMH, 2011.

VLSI Testing & Verification [159606]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to VLSI Testing
    • Importance of Testing
    • Challenges in VLSI Testing
    • Levels of Abstractions in VLSI Testing
    • Functional vs. Structural Approach to Testing
    • Complexity of the Testing Problem
    • Controllability and Observability
    • Generating Test for a Single Stuck at Fault in Combinational Logic
    • D-Algorithm
    • FAN and PODEM Algorithms
    • Test Optimization and Fault Coverage
  • Unit 2.0: Design for Testability (DFT)
    • Testability Analysis
    • Scan Cell Design
    • Scan Architectures
    • Scan Design Rules
    • Scan Design Flow
    • Special Purpose Scan Designs
    • Logic and Fault Simulation
    • Fault Detection
    • Adhoc and Structured Approaches to DFT
  • Unit 3.0: Built-in Self-Test (BIST)
    • Random Test Generation
    • Boolean Difference
    • ATPG Algorithms for Combinational Circuits
    • Sequential ATPG
    • Untestable Faults
    • IDDQ Testing
    • The LFSRs and Their Use in Random Test Generation and Response Compression (including MISRs)
    • Design Rules
    • Exhaustive Testing
    • Pseudo-Random Testing
    • Pseudo-Exhaustive Testing
    • Output Response Analysis
    • Logic BIST Architectures
    • Test Compression: Test Stimulus Compression, Test Response Compaction, Architectures for Test Compression
  • Unit 4.0: Boundary Scan and Advanced Testing
    • IEEE Standards for Digital Boundary Scan
    • Embedded Core Test Standards
    • Analog and Mixed Signal Testing
    • Delay Testing
    • Physical Failures
    • Soft Errors
    • Reliability
    • FPGA Testing
    • MEMS Testing
    • RF Testing
    • High Speed I/O Testing
  • Unit 5.0: Verification Techniques
    • Importance of Verification
    • Verification Plan
    • Verification Flow
    • Levels of Verification
    • Verification Methods and Languages
    • Introduction to Hardware Verification Methodologies
    • Verifications Based on Simulation, Analytical and Formal Approaches
  • Unit 6.0: Functional, Timing and Formal Verification
    • Functional Verification
    • Timing Verification
    • Formal Verification
    • Basics of Equivalence Checking and Model Checking

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Parag K. Lala, An Introduction to Logic Circuit Testing, Morgan & Claypool Publishers
  2. Thomas Kropf, Introduction to Formal Hardware Verification, Springer

Biomedical Instrumentation [159607]

  • Unit 1.0: Cell Structure and Physiological Systems
    • Cell and Its Structure
    • Resting and Action Potential
    • Nervous System: Functional Organization of the Nervous System
    • Structure of Nervous System
    • Neurons
    • Synapse
    • Transmitters and Neural Communication
    • Cardiovascular System
    • Respiratory System
    • Basic Components of a Biomedical System
    • Transducers
    • Selection Criteria
    • Piezoelectric and Ultrasonic Transducers
    • Temperature Measurements - Fiber Optic Temperature Sensors
  • Unit 2.0: Electro-Physiological Measurements Electrodes and Amplifiers
    • Limb Electrodes
    • Floating Electrodes
    • Pre-Gelled Disposable Electrodes
    • Micro, Needle and Surface Electrodes
    • Preamplifiers
    • Differential Amplifiers
    • Chopper Amplifiers
    • Isolation Amplifier
  • Unit 3.0: Electro-Physiological Measurements and Safety
    • ECG
    • EEG
    • EMG
    • ERG
    • Lead Systems and Recording Methods
    • Typical Waveforms
    • Electrical Safety in Medical Environment: Shock Hazards
    • Leakage Current
    • Instruments for Checking Safety Parameters of Biomedical Equipment
  • Unit 4.0: Non-Electrical Parameter Measurements
    • Measurement of Blood Pressure
    • Cardiac Output
    • Heart Rate
    • Heart Sound
    • Pulmonary Function Measurements
    • Spirometer
    • Photo Plethysmography
    • Body Plethysmography
    • Blood Gas Analyzers: pH of Blood
    • Measurement of Blood pCO2
    • Measurement of Blood pO2
    • Finger-Tip Oximeter
    • ESR
    • GSR Measurements
    • Standard HL7
  • Unit 5.0: Medical Imaging and Biotelemetry
    • Radiographic and Fluoroscopic Techniques
    • X Rays
    • Computer Tomography
    • Mammography
    • MRI
    • fMRI
    • Ultrasonography
    • Endoscopy
    • Thermography
    • Different Types of Biotelemetry Systems and Patient Monitoring
  • Unit 6.0: Assisting and Therapeutic Equipments
    • Pacemakers
    • Defibrillators
    • Ventilators
    • Nerve and Muscle Stimulators
    • Diathermy
    • Heart Lung Machine
    • Audio Meters
    • Dialyzers

Text/Reference Books:

  1. R.S.Khandpur, 'Hand Book of Bio-Medical instrumentation', Tata McGrawHill Publishing Co Ltd., 2003.
  2. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J.Weibell, Erich A.Pfeiffer, 'Bio-Medical Instrumentation and Measurements', II edition, Pearson Education, 2002 / PHI.
  3. J.Webster, 'Medical Instrumentation', John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
  4. L.A. Geddes and L.E.Baker, 'Principles of Applied Bio-Medical Instrumentation', John Wiley & Sons, 1975

Psychology at the Workplace [100623]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Workplace Psychology
    • Foundations: Definition, History, and the Role of the Industrial/Organizational Psychologist
    • Research Methods: Scientific Approach
    • Data Collection (Surveys, Observation, Experiments)
    • Ethical Issues in the Workplace
    • Job Analysis: Techniques, Methods, and the Significance of Job Descriptions and Specifications
  • Unit 2.0: Employee Attitudes and Work Behavior
    • Job Satisfaction: Models, Measurement, and Consequences of Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction
    • Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Going Above and Beyond, and Its Impact on Company Success
    • Work Motivation: Key Theories including Maslow's Hierarchy, Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) Applied to People
  • Unit 3.0: The Psychology of Leadership and Management
    • Theories of Leadership: Trait Theories
    • Behavioural Theories (including Blake & Mouton's Managerial Grid)
    • Contingency Approaches
    • Power and Politics: Types of Power
    • Organizational Politics and Impression Management
    • Decision-Making: The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership and Group Decision-Making Dynamics
  • Unit 4.0: Group Dynamics and Organizational Culture
    • Group Behaviour: Nature, Types, and Group Development Models
    • Organizational Culture: Understanding Toxic vs. Healthy Work Climates
    • Communication: Communication Processes, Barriers, and Improving Workplace Interactions
  • Unit 5.0: Employee Well-being and Mental Health
    • Occupational Stress: Causes, Consequences, and Stress Models
    • Burnout & Work-Life Balance: Symptoms, Causes, and Interventions
    • Psychological Safety: Fostering a Supportive, Inclusive, and Diverse Work Environment
  • Unit 6.0: Personnel Selection and Assessment
    • Psychological Testing: Principles of Psychological Testing, Reliability, and Validity
    • Performance Appraisal: Methods of Evaluating Performance, and Avoiding Cognitive Biases in Evaluations
    • Training & Development: Identifying Training Needs, Program Design, and Evaluating Training Effectiveness

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Work in the 21st Century: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology by Jeffrey M. Conte and Frank J. Landy.
  2. Psychology Applied to Work by Paul M. Muchinsky.
  3. Organizational Culture and Leadership by Edgar H. Schein (a classic on workplace culture).

Cloud Computing [110725]

  • Unit 1.0: Basics of Cloud Computing
    • Overview: Roots of Cloud Computing
    • Grid Computing vs. Cluster Computing
    • Cloud Architecture: NIST Definition
    • Cloud Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid, Community)
    • Service Models: Introduction to IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS
  • Unit 2.0: Virtualization Concepts
    • Virtual Machines (VMs)
    • Hypervisors (Type 1 and Type 2)
    • Resource Pooling
    • Types: Full Virtualization
    • Para-Virtualization
    • Hardware-Assisted Virtualization
    • Virtualization Management: CPU, Memory, and I/O Virtualization
  • Unit 3.0: Cloud Platforms & Programming
    • Major Providers: Overview of Amazon Web Services (AWS)
    • Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
    • Microsoft Azure
    • Cloud Services: Elastic Compute
    • Storage Systems (BLOB, Object Storage)
    • Networking
    • Cloud APIs: RESTful Web Services and Programming for the Cloud Environment
  • Unit 4.0: Cloud Security & Governance I
    • Security Risks: Data Integrity
    • Virtualization Vulnerabilities
    • Identity Management
  • Unit 5.0: Cloud Security & Governance II
    • Privacy & Compliance: Security Architecture
    • Data Protection in Transit and at Rest
    • Service Level Agreements (SLAs): Metric Definitions and Billing Management
  • Unit 6.0: Advanced Cloud Concepts & Interoperability
    • Modern Technologies: Serverless Computing
    • Containers (Docker, Kubernetes)
    • Microservices
    • Interoperability: Open Standards
    • Mobile Cloud Computing
    • Disaster Recovery

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Cloud Computing: Principles and Paradigms by Rajkumar Buyya, James Broberg, and Andrzej M. Goscinski (Wiley India.)
  2. Mastering Cloud Computing: Foundations and Applications Programming by Rajkumar Buyya, Christian Vecchiola, and S. Thamarai Selvi (McGraw Hill)
  3. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach by Anthony T. Velte, Toby J. Velte, and Robert Elsenpeter (McGraw Hill)

Project Management [100624]

  • Unit 1.0: Project Planning & Evaluation
    • Project Initiation: Definition, Characteristics, and Lifecycle of a Project
    • Project Evaluation: Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • Strategic Portfolio Alignment
    • Selecting the Right Project (Financial/Scoring Models)
    • Planning Process: Project Charters
    • Scope Definition
    • Statement of Work
    • Baseline Plans
  • Unit 2.0: Software Estimation & Risk Management
    • Estimation Techniques: Function Point Analysis (FPA)
    • Lines of Code (LOC)
    • The COCOMO II Model
    • Process Models: Understanding Agile Methodologies
    • Scrum
    • Traditional Iterative/Waterfall Models
    • Risk Management: Risk Identification
    • Risk Planning
    • Risk Analysis
    • Risk Management Strategies
  • Unit 3.0: Activity Planning
    • Network Planning: Objectives and Building the Project Network
  • Unit 4.0: Scheduling Techniques
    • Gantt Charts
    • Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
    • Critical Path Method (CPM)
    • Resource Allocation: Resource Scheduling
    • Resource Levelling
    • Schedule Crashing
  • Unit 5.0: Project Monitoring, Tracking & Control
    • Monitoring Progress: Creating Frameworks for Controlling and Visualizing Progress
    • Earned Value Analysis (EVA): Calculating Schedule Variance (SV)
    • Cost Variance (CV)
    • Performance Indices
    • Change Control & Contracts: Managing Scope Changes
    • Contract Types
    • Software Configuration Management (SCM)
  • Unit 6.0: Team Management & Organizational Behavior
    • Staffing & Teams: Organizational Structures (Line-of-Business, Matrix)
    • Managing Virtual/Dispersed Teams
    • Human Factors: Motivation Theories (Oldham-Hackman Model)
    • Leadership
    • Communication Plans
    • Decision-Making
    • Quality Standards: Introduction to Total Quality Management (TQM)
    • Six Sigma
    • ISO Standards

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling by Harold Kerzner | Wiley
  2. Projects: Planning, Analysis, Selection, Implementation and Review by Prasanna Chandra McGraw Hill
  3. Construction Project Management by K.K. Chitkara | McGraw Hill
  4. Software Project Management by Bob Hughes, Mike Cotterell, and Rajib Mall McGraw Hill

Database Management Systems [119601]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction & Data Modeling
    • Database Concepts: File System vs. DBMS
    • Advantages of DBMS
    • Data Abstraction
    • Data Independence
    • Architectures: Three-Schema Architecture
    • Components of a DBMS
    • Client-Server Structures
    • Entity-Relationship (E-R) Model: Entities
    • Attributes
    • Relationships
    • Weak Entity Sets
    • E-R Diagram Notations
    • Extended E-R Features: Specialization
    • Generalization
    • Aggregation
  • Unit 2.0: Relational Model & Query Languages
    • Relational Algebra: Selection
    • Projection
    • Rename
    • Set Operations
    • Various Types of Joins (Inner, Outer, Theta, Natural)
    • Relational Calculus: Tuple Relational Calculus (TRC)
    • Domain Relational Calculus (DRC)
    • SQL Fundamentals: Data Definition (DDL) and Data Manipulation (DML) Commands
    • Constraints
    • Schema Definitions
    • Advanced SQL: Aggregate Functions
    • Nested Subqueries
    • Views
    • Triggers
    • Assertions
  • Unit 3.0: Database Design & Normalization
    • Relational Database Design: Pitfalls in Relational Database Design (e.g., Anomalies)
    • Dependencies: Functional Dependencies
    • Armstrong's Axioms
    • Attribute Closure
    • Canonical Cover
    • Normal Forms: 1NF
    • 2NF
    • 3NF
    • Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
    • 4NF
    • 5NF
    • Decompositions: Lossless-Join Decomposition
    • Dependency-Preserving Decomposition
  • Unit 4.0: Transaction Processing & Concurrency
    • Transaction Concepts: ACID Properties
    • Transaction States
    • Concurrent Execution
    • Serializability: Conflict Serializability
    • View Serializability
  • Unit 5.0: Concurrency Control and Recovery
    • Concurrency Control: Lock-Based Protocols
    • Two-Phase Locking (2PL)
    • Timestamp-Based Protocols
    • Deadlock Handling
    • Recovery Systems: Log-Based Recovery
    • Shadow Paging
    • ARIES Recovery Algorithm
  • Unit 6.0: Storage & Indexing
    • File Organization: Heap Files
    • Sequential Files
    • Hashing Techniques
    • Indexing Structures: Primary, Secondary, and Clustering Indices
    • Tree-Based Indexing: B-Trees
    • B+ Trees
    • Query Processing & Optimization: Overview of Relational Query Evaluation and Cost Estimation

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Database System Concepts by Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, and S. Sudarshan.
  2. Database Management Systems by Raghu Ramakrishnan and Johannes Gehrke. (Highly recommended for SQL, query optimization, and transaction)
  3. Fundamentals of Database Systems by Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe
  4. An Introduction to Database Systems by C. J. Date. (Great for relational calculus and deep theoretical concepts).

Embedded System Lab [159602P]

Perform all experiments

List of Experiments:

  • Study of ARM evaluation system
  • Interfacing ADC and DAC
  • Interfacing LED and PWM
  • Interfacing real time clock and serial port
  • Interfacing keyboard and LCD
  • Interfacing EPROM and interrupt
  • Interrupt performance characteristics of ARM and FPGA
  • Flashing of LEDs
  • Interfacing stepper motor and temperature sensor
  • Implementing zigbee protocol with ARM

Digital system design using Verilog Lab [159604P]

Perform all experiments

List of Experiments:

  • Write Verilog code to realize all the logic gates
  • Write a Verilog program for the following combinational designs: a. 2 to 4 decoder b. 8 to 3 (encoder without priority & with priority) c. 8 to 1 multiplexer d. 4 bit binary to gray converter e. Multiplexer, de-multiplexer, comparator
  • Write a VHDL and Verilog code to describe the functions of a Full Adder using three modeling styles
  • Develop the Verilog code for the following flip-flops: SR, D, JK and T
  • Design a 4 bit binary, BCD counters (Synchronous reset and Asynchronous reset) and "any sequence" counters, using Verilog code
  • Write HDL code to display messages on an alpha numeric LCD display
  • Write HDL code to interface Hex key pad and display the key code on seven segment display
  • Write HDL code to control speed, direction of DC and Stepper motor
  • Write HDL code to accept Analog signal, Temperature sensor and display the data on LCD or Seven segment display
  • Write HDL code to generate different waveforms (Sine, Square, Triangle, Ramp etc.) using DAC - change the frequency
  • Write HDL code to simulate Elevator operation

NPTEL-II [100604P]

Details for NPTEL-II Lab will be provided by the department

← BEU PYQ Home