4th Semester Syllabus
Mechanical Engineering
Credits Table
| Course Title | L | T | P | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Applied Thermodynamics [102401] | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines [102402] | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Strength of Material [102403] | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Kinematics of Machine [102404] | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Project Management [102405] | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| NPTEL-I (Open course) [102406] | 12 Weeks | 3 | ||
| Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Lab [102402P] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Strength of Material Lab [102403P] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Kinematics of Machine Lab [102404P] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| TOTAL | 24 | |||
Theory Subjects
Lab Subjects
Applied Thermodynamics
- Unit 1.0
- Introduction to solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
- Stoichiometry
- Exhaust gas analysis
- First law analysis of combustion reactions
- Heat calculations using enthalpy tables
- Adiabatic flame temperature
- Chemical equilibrium and equilibrium composition calculations using free energy
- Unit 2.0
- Thermodynamic cycles: Air standard Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycles
- Air standard Brayton cycle
- Effect of reheat, regeneration and intercooling
- Combined gas and vapor power cycles
- Vapor power cycles Rankine cycle with superheat, reheat and regeneration
- Exergy analysis
- Supercritical and ultra-super-critical Rankine cycle
- Gas power cycles
- Unit 3.0
- Refrigeration System: Simple Vapor compression refrigeration cycle and Vapor Absorption Cycle
- Refrigerants and their properties
- Unit 4.0
- Reciprocating compressors
- Staging of reciprocating compressors
- Optimal stage pressure ratio
- Effect of intercooling
- Minimum work for multistage reciprocating compressors
- Unit 5.0
- Analysis of steam turbines
- Velocity and pressure compounding of steam turbines
- Unit 6.0
- Basics of compressible flow
- Stagnation properties
- Isentropic flow of a perfect gas through a nozzle
- Choked flow
- Subsonic and supersonic flows
- Normal shocks
- Use of ideal gas tables for isentropic flow and normal shock flow
- Flow of steam and refrigerant through nozzle
- Super saturation compressible flow in diffusers
- Efficiency of nozzle and diffuser
Text/Reference Books
- Sonntag, R. E, Borgnakke, C. and Van Wylen, G. J., 2003, 6th Edition, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, John Wiley and Sons.
- Jones, J. B. and Duggan, R. E., 1996, Engineering Thermodynamics, Prentice-Hall of India.
- Moran, M. J. and Shapiro, H. N., 1999, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, John Wiley and Sons.
- Nag, P.K, 1995, Engineering Thermodynamics, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines
- Unit 1.0: Properties of Fluid
- Definition of fluid
- Newton's law of viscosity
- Units and dimensions
- Physical properties of fluids
- Control volume
- Continuity equation and momentum equation
- Incompressible flow
- Bernoulli's equation and its applications
- Unit 2.0: Dimensional Analysis
- Dimensionally homogeneous equations
- Buckingham Pi Theorem
- Calculation of dimensionless parameters
- Similitude and complete similarity
- Model scales
- Basic boundary layer theory and analysis
- Unit 3.0: Fluid Kinematics
- Different approaches
- Reynolds transport theorem
- Flow visualization
- Types of flow
- Strain rate, stream line, streak line, path lines and stream tubes
- Continuity equation in Cartesian coordinates in 3D forms
- Velocity and acceleration of fluid particles
- Velocity potential function and stream function
- Unit 4.0: Momentum Equation
- Momentum equation
- Nervier Stoke equation
- Development of Euler's equation
- Bernoulli's equation and application
- Steady and unsteady flow through orifice
- Orifice placed in pipe
- Venturimeter
- Flow over triangular and rectangular notches
- Pitot tube
- Unit 5.0: Laminar and Turbulent Flow
- Viscous/Laminar flow
- Plane Poiseuille flow and Coutte flow
- Laminar flow through circular pipes
- Loss of head and power absorbed in viscous flow
- Turbulent flow - Reynolds experiment
- Frictional losses in pipe flow
- Shear stress in turbulent flow
- Major and minor losses (Darcy's and Chezy's equation)
- Flow through siphon pipes
- Branching pipes and equivalent pipe
- Unit 6.0: Rotodynamic Machines & Hydraulic Turbines
- Euler's equation
- Theory of Rotodynamic machines
- Various efficiencies
- Velocity components at entry and exit of the rotor
- Velocity triangles
- Centrifugal pumps - working principle, work done by the impeller and performance curves
- Cavitation in pumps
- Reciprocating pump working principle
- Classification of water turbines
- Heads and efficiencies
- Velocity triangles
- Axial, radial and mixed flow turbines
- Pelton wheel, Francis turbine and Kaplan turbines - working and design principles
Text/Reference Books
- S.S. Rattan, Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines, Khanna Book Publishing, 2019.
- P.J. Pritchard, A.T. McDonald and R.W. Fox, "Introduction to Fluid Mechanics," Wiley India, 2012.
- F.M. White, "Fluid Mechanics," Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
- S. K. Som, G. Biswas and S. Chakraborty, "Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines," Tata McGraw Hill, 2017.
- R. K. Bansal, "A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines," Laxmi Publication, 2005.
- Mechanics of Fluids, Shames, McGraw Hill Book Co., New Delhi, 1988.
Strength of Materials
- Unit 1.0
- Deformation in solids
- Hooke's law
- Stress and strain
- Tension, compression and shear stresses
- Elastic constants and their relations
- Volumetric, linear and shear strains
- Principal stresses and principal planes
- Mohr's circle
- Theories of failure
- Unit 2.0
- Beams and types transverse loading on beams
- Shear force and bend moment diagrams
- Types of beam supports
- Simply supported and over-hanging beams
- Cantilevers
- Unit 3.0
- Theory of bending of beams
- Bending stress distribution and neutral axis
- Shear stress distribution
- Point and distributed loads
- Unit 4.0
- Moment of inertia about an axis and polar moment of inertia
- Deflection of a beam using double integration method
- Computation of slopes and deflection in beams
- Maxwell's reciprocal theorems
- Unit 5.0
- Torsion
- Stresses and deformation in circular and hollow shafts
- Stepped shafts
- Deflection of shafts fixed at both ends
- Stresses and deflection of helical springs
- Unit 6.0
- Axial and hoop stresses in cylinders subjected to internal pressure
- Deformation of thick and thin cylinders
- Deformation in spherical shells subjected to internal pressure
Text/Reference Books
- Egor P.Popov, Engineering Mechanics of Solids, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2001.
- R.Subramanian, Strength of Materials, Oxford University Press, 2007.
- Ferdinand P.Been, Russel Johnson Jr. and John J.Dewole, Mechanics of Materials, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
Kinematics of Machine
- Unit 1.0: Mechanisms
- Definition and types of joints
- Lower and higher pairs
- Classification of mechanisms based on function and constraints
- Common mechanisms such as slider crank and 4-bar mechanisms and their inversions
- Quick return mechanism
- Straight line generators
- Rocker mechanisms
- Universal joints
- Steering mechanisms, etc.
- Basic Kinematic Concepts and Definitions
- Degree of freedom and Grübler's formula
- Grashof's rule and rotatability limits
- Mechanical advantage
- Unit 2.0: Geometric Design of Mechanisms
- Kinematic Analysis of Simple Mechanisms Displacement
- Velocity, and acceleration analysis
- Velocity analysis using instantaneous centers
- Position, velocity and acceleration analysis using loop closure equations
- Coincident points
- Coriolis component of acceleration
- Unit 3.0: Belt, Rope and Chain drives & Brakes
- Types of belt drives
- Velocity ratio, Slip, Creep, Length of belt
- Power transmitted
- Ratio of tensions
- Angle of contact
- Centrifugal tension, Maximum tension, Initial tension
- V belt drive, Ratio of Tensions in V belt and Rope drives
- Kinematics of chain drive
- Classifications of chains, Chain length
- Types of brakes, Block brake, Band brake, Band and Block brake
- Internal expanding brake
- Condition of self-locking
- Power transmitted and Heat generated
- Unit 4.0: Gears & Gear Train
- Gear terminology
- Involute and Cycloidal gear profiles
- Gear parameters
- Fundamental law of gearing and conjugate action
- Spur gear contact ratio and interference/undercutting
- Analysis of simple, compound, reverted and epicyclic gear train with problems
- Unit 5.0: Balancing of rotating masses
- Balancing of rotating masses in the same plane by a single revolving mass
- Balancing of several rotating masses in the same plane
- Balancing of several rotating masses in different planes by two revolving masses in suitable planes
- Unit 6.0: Governors
- Watt, Porter, Proel & Hartnell Governors
- Effect of friction
- Controlling force
- Governor effort and power
- Sensitivity and isochronisms
Text/Reference Books
- Thomas Bevan, "Theory of Machines," CBS Publishers & Distributors, 2005.
- W. L. Cleghorn, "Mechanisms of Machines," Oxford University Press, 2005.
- R. L. Norton, "Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery," Tata McGraw Hill, 2009.
- A. Ghosh and A.K. Mallick, "Theory of Mechanisms and Machines," Affiliated East-West Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1988.
Project Management
- Unit 1.0
- Basics of project Management: concept
- Project Environment
- Types of Projects
- Project life Cycle
- Project proposals
- Monitoring project program
- Unit 2.0
- Project appraisal and project selection
- Identification of investment opportunities
- Source of new project ideas
- Preliminary screening of projects
- Feasibility studies and reports
- Unit 3.0
- Market feasibility: Market survey
- Categories of Market survey
- Steps involved in conducting market survey
- Demand forecasting techniques
- Sales projections
- Unit 4.0
- Technical feasibility: Production technology
- Materials and inputs
- Plant capacity
- Site selection
- Plant layout
- Site preparation
- Managerial Feasibility
- Project organization and responsibilities
- Development of program evaluation & Review Technique (PERT)
- Benefits of PERT
- Unit 5.0
- Capital Investment Financial Analysis: capital Expenditure criteria and Investment strategies
- Appraisal Techniques (Non DCF and DCF)
- Risk analysis
- Cost of project and means of financing
- Estimation of cash flows
- Estimation of Capital costs and operating costs
- Forecasting income
- Preparation of detailed financial projections
- Breakeven point
- Unit 6.0
- Project Management: Project implementation and review
- Project planning
- Project control
- Human aspects of project management
- Prerequisites for successful project implementation
- Project review
Text/Reference Books
- Gido: Effective Project Management, 2e, Thomson, 2007.
- Prasanna odelin, "Projects, Planning, Analysis, Selection, Financing, Implementation and Review", TataMcGraw Hill Company Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi 1998.
- Damodaran, "Corporate Finance", Johy Wiley Publications.
- Erhardt & Brigham, "Principles of Corporate Finance", Thomson 2006.
- Singh M.K, "Project Evaluation and Management".
- Prasad 1.1.K, "Principles and Practice of Cost accounting", B. Pahwa, IIPS, Project Financing.
- Clifford F. Gray, Erik V. Larson, "Project Management, the Managerial Emphasis", McGraw Hill 2000.
NPTEL-I (Open Course)
12 Weeks (3 Credits)
NPTEL (Open Course) Guidelines: NPTEL (Open Course) should be taken from the course other than core subjects of the branch.
Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines Lab
Perform any ten experiments
- Determination of density & viscosity of oil.
- To determine the meta-centric height of a floating body.
- Measurement of Coefficient of Discharge of given Orifice and Venturimeter
- To determine the coefficient of discharge of Notch (V and Rectangular types)
- To determine the friction factor for the pipes.
- To verify the Bernoulli's Theorem.
- To find critical Reynolds number for a pipe flow.
- To determine the minor losses due to sudden enlargement, sudden contraction and bends.
- To show the velocity and pressure variation with radius in a free and forced vortex.
- Performance on hydraulic turbines:
a. Pelton wheel
b. Francis turbine
c. Kaplan turbine. - Performance on hydraulic pumps:
a. Single stage and multi stage centrifugal pumps.
b. Reciprocating pump.
c. Performance test of a two stage reciprocating air compressor.
d. Performance test on an air blower.
Strength of Materials Lab
Perform any ten experiments
- Hooke's Law.
- Hardness Test: Rockwell, Brinell, Vicker.
- Izod & Charpy Impact Test.
- Bending Test.
- Torsion Test.
- Shear test.
- Compressive strength test.
- Fatigue Test.
- Verification of Maxwell's reciprocal theorem.
- Continuous beam deflection test.
- Strain Measurement.
Kinematics of Machine Lab
Perform all experiments
- To study various types of Links, Pairs, Chain and Mechanism.
- To study inversion of Four Bar Mechanism.
- To plot slider displacement, velocity and acceleration against crank rotation for single slider crank mechanism.
- To find coefficient of friction between belt and pulley.
- To generate spur gear involutes tooth profile using simulated gear shaping process.
- To study various types of gears- Helical, cross helical worm and bevel gear.
- Estimation of Velocity ratios of simple, compound, epicyclic and differential gear trains.
- To fabricate the innovative models based on inversions, Gear trains, etc.
- To perform the experiment of Balancing of rotating parts and find the unbalanced couple and forces.
- To Perform Experiment on Watt, Porter, Proell and Hartnell Governors and prepare Performance Characteristic Curves also analyze Stability & Sensitivity.