8th Semester Syllabus

Open Elective: Power Plant Engineering [OEC EE 801]

Objectives:

To provide an overview of power plants and the associated energy conversion issues

• Module 1: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Coal based thermal power plants
  • Basic Rankine cycle and its modifications
  • Layout of modern coal power plant
  • Super critical boilers
  • FBC boilers
  • Turbines
  • Condensers
  • Steam and heating rates
  • Sub systems of thermal power plants
  • Fuel and ash handling
  • Draught system
  • Feed water treatment
  • Binary cycles and cogeneration systems
• Module 2: (Lectures 4 hrs.)
  • Gas turbine and combined cycle power plants
  • Brayton cycle analysis and optimization
  • Components of gas turbine power plants
  • Combined cycle power plants
• Module 3: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Basics of nuclear energy conversion
  • Layout and subsystems of nuclear power plants
  • Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)
  • Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)
  • CANDU Reactor
  • Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)
  • Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR)
  • Gas cooled and liquid metal cooled reactors
  • Safety measures for nuclear power plants
• Module 4: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Hydroelectric power plants
  • Hydrological cycle
  • Rainfall & run-off measurement & plotting of various curves for estimating stream flow
  • Site selection
  • Classification
  • Comparison with other types of power plant
  • Typical layout and components
  • Principles of wind
  • Tidal
  • Solar PV and solar thermal
  • Geothermal
  • Biogas and fuel cell power systems
• Module 5: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Energy
  • Economic and environmental issues
  • Power tariffs
  • Load distribution parameters
  • Load curve
  • Capital and operating cost of different power plants
  • Pollution control technologies including waste disposal options for coal and nuclear plants
  • Geothermal power plants
  • Ocean thermal electric conversion
  • M.H.D power generation

Course Outcomes:

Upon completion of the course, the students can understand the principles of operation for different power plants and their economics.

Text Books:

1. Power Plant Engineering, 5th Edition, Laxmi Publications(P) Ltd 3rd ea.
2. Nag P.K., Power Plant Engineering, 3rd, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.
3. El Wakil M.M., Power Plant Technology, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.
4. Elliot T.C., Chen K and Swanekamp R.C., Power Plant Engineering, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.

Open Elective: Automobile Engineering [OEC EE 802]

Objectives:

To understand the construction and working principle of various parts of an automobile

• Module 1: (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Types of automobiles
  • Vehicle construction and layouts
  • Car body Style
  • Chassis
  • Frame and body
  • Vehicle aerodynamics
  • IC engines-components
  • Function and materials
  • Variable valve timing (VVT)
  • Front engine front wheel drive
  • Front engine Rear wheel drive
  • Four wheel drive
• Module 2: (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Engine auxiliary systems
  • Electronic injection for SI and CI engines
  • Unit injector system
  • Rotary distributor type and common rail direct injection system
  • Transistor based coil ignition & capacitive discharge ignition systems
  • Turbo chargers (WGT, VGT)
  • Engine emission control by 3-way catalytic converter system
  • Emission norms (Euro & BS)
• Module 3: (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Transmission systems
  • Clutch types
  • Cone clutch
  • Single plate
  • Multi plate
  • Diaphragm spring & centrifugal clutch
  • Electromagnetic clutch & construction
  • Gear boxes- manual and automatic gear shift mechanisms
  • Over drive principles
  • Transfer box
  • Transaxles
  • Flywheel
  • Torque converter
  • Propeller shaft
  • Slip joints
  • Universal joints
  • Differential and rear axle
  • Hotchkiss drive and Torque tube drive
• Module 4: (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Steering geometry and types of steering gear box
  • Power steering
  • Types of front axle
  • Types of suspension systems
  • Constructional details & characteristics of Leaf spring
  • Pneumatic and hydraulic braking systems
  • Antilock braking system (ABS)
  • Electronic brake force distribution (EBD) and traction control
• Module 5: (Lectures 4 hrs.)
  • Caster
  • Camber
  • King pin inclination
  • Toe in Toe out
  • Full Floating
  • Three quarter floating & semi Floating rear axles
• Module 6: (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Alternative energy sources
  • Natural gas
  • LPG
  • Biodiesel
  • Bio-ethanol
  • Gasohol and hydrogen fuels in automobiles
  • Modifications needed
  • Performance
  • Combustion & emission characteristics of alternative fuels in SI and CI engines
  • Electric and Hybrid vehicles
  • Application of Fuel Cells

Course Outcomes:

Upon completion of this course, students will understand the function of each automobile component and also have a clear idea about the overall vehicle performance.

Text Books:

1. Kirpal Singh, Automobile Engineering, -ed., Standard Publishers, New Delhi, 1997.
2. Jain K.K. and Asthana R.B., Automobile Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Heitner, Automotive Mechanics, 2nd ed., East-West Press, 1999.
4. Heisler, Advanced Engine Technology, SAE International Publ., USA, 1998.

Practical:

1. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Clutches.
2. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Transmission systems.
3. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Drive Lines & Differentials.
4. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Multi-cylinder: Diesel and Petrol Engines.
5. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Fuels supply systems.
6. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Engine cooling & lubricating Systems.
7. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Suspension Systems.
8. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Steering Systems.
9. To study and prepare report on the constructional details, operation of the Automotive Brake systems.

Open Elective: E-Commerce and ERP [OEC EE 803]

• Module 1:
  • Introduction to E-Commerce: Evolution of E-commerce
  • Advantage and Disadvantage of E-Commerce
  • Roadmap of E-Commerce in India
  • Business Models of E-Commerce: Model Based On Transaction Party: B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C
• Module 2:
  • E marketing: The scope of E-Marketing
  • Identifying Web Presence goals
  • Uniqueness of the web
  • Meeting the need of website visitors
  • Website Design Issues: Factors that make People Return to Your Site
  • Strategies for Website Development
  • Site Adhesion: Content
  • Format and access: maintaining a Website
  • E-Advertising
  • E-Branding
• Module 3:
  • E-Payment System: Digital Payment Requirement
  • Digital Token based E-Payment System
  • Electronic Cash
  • Smart card and Electronics payment system: Credit and Debit Card
  • Virtual Currency
  • Digital wallet
  • Risk of Electronics payment system
  • Digital Signature
  • E Security: Security On the Internet: Network and Website Security Risk: Denial-of-Service attack
  • Viruses
  • Unauthorized access to computer Network
  • Security Standards: Firewall
  • Cryptography
  • Key Management
  • Password Systems
  • Digital certificates
  • Digital signatures
• Module 4:
  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): Introductory Concepts
  • Advantages & disadvantages of ERP
  • ERP and Related Technologies: - Business Process Reengineering
  • Data Warehousing
  • Data Mining
  • Supply Chain Management
  • ERP Implementation: ERP Implementation Life Cycle - Implementation Methodology
  • Hidden Costs
  • Organizing Implementation Contracts with Vendors
  • Consultants and Users
  • Project Management and Monitoring
• Module 5:
  • ERP Business Modules: Introduction to basic Modules of ERP System
  • Business Modules in an ERP Package- Finance
  • Manufacturing - Human Resource
  • Plant Maintenance
  • Materials Management - Quality Management - Sales and Distribution
  • Case Study: Recent business issues on E-Commerce Perspective

Text Books:

1. Alexis Leon, "ERP Demystified", Tata McGraw Hill.
2. E-Commerce An Indian Perspective by P.T.Joseph, PHI

Reference Books:

1. K. Bajaj, D. Nag "E-Commerce", 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
2. Bhaskar Bharat, "Electronic Commerce-Technology and Application", McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
3. Mary Sumner, "Enterprise Resource Planning", 2005, PHI Learning India Pvt. Ltd./Pearson Education, New Delhi.
4. Chan, "E-Commerce fundamentals and Applications", Wiley India, New Delhi.
5. Vinod Kumar Garg and N.K.Venkata Krishnan, "Enterprise Resource Planning -concepts and Planning", Prentice Hall, 1998.

Open Elective: Electrical Materials [OEC EE 804]

• Module 1: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING MATERIALS (6 Hrs.)
  • Introduction to Electrical Engineering Materials
  • Classification of materials
  • Material of importance-carbonated beverages container
  • Advanced Materials
  • Modern Material need
  • Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding
  • Bonding forces and energies
  • Secondary bonding and van-der-waals bonding
• Module 2: THE STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS (8 Hrs.)
  • The structure of crystalline solids
  • Crystallographic points
  • Directions and planes
  • X-Ray diffraction
  • Determination of crystalline structure
  • Imperfections and defects in solids
  • Diffusion mechanisms
  • Steady state diffusion
  • Diffusion in semiconducting materials
  • Material of importance- Aluminum for integrated circuit interconnects
  • Mechanical properties of material
  • Stress strain behavior
  • Structure and properties of ceramics
  • Crystal ceramics
  • Silicate ceramics
  • Material of importance- carbon nano-tubes
  • Imperfections in ceramics
  • Application and processing of ceramics
  • Glass ceramics
  • Refractories
  • Abrasives
  • Cements
  • Materials of importance - piezoelectric ceramics
• Module 3: INSULATING PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL (8 Hrs.)
  • Insulating materials; General Properties
  • Electrical Properties: Volume resistivity
  • Surface resistance
  • Dielectric loss
  • Dielectric strength (breakdown voltage) dielectric constant
  • Thermal conductivity
  • Electro-thermal breakdown in solid dielectrics Insulating Materials and their applications: Plastics
  • Definition and classification
  • Thermosetting materials
  • Phenol-formaldehyde resins (i.e. Bakelite) amino resins (urea formaldehyde and Malamine-formaldehyde)
  • Epoxy resins - their important properties and applications
  • Thermo-plastic materials: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  • Polyethelene
  • Silicons
  • Their important properties and applications
  • Bitumen - Mineral and insulating oil for transformers switchgear capacitors
  • High voltage insulated cables
  • Insulating varnishes for coating and impregnation Enamels for winding wires
  • Glass fiber sleeves
  • SF6 their properties and applications
• Module 4: ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS (6 Hrs.)
  • Electrical conduction
  • Electronic and ionic conduction
  • Energy band structures in solids
  • Conduction in terms of band and atomic bonding models
  • Electron mobility
  • Electrical resistivity of metals
  • Materials of importance-aluminum electrical wires
  • Semi conductivity
  • Intrinsic semi conduction
  • Extrinsic semi conduction
  • Carrier mobility
  • Semiconductor devices
  • Electrical properties of polymers dielectric behavior
  • Capacitance
  • Field vectors and polarization
  • Types of polarization
  • Frequency dependence of the dielectric constant
  • Dielectric materials
  • Ferroelectricity
  • Piezoelectricity
• Module 5: OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC REPERTIES OF MATERIALS (10 Hrs.)
  • Optical properties
  • Basic concepts
  • Electromagnetic radiation
  • Light interactions with solids atomic and electronic interactions optical properties of metals
  • Optical properties of nonmetals
  • Refraction
  • Reflection
  • Absorption
  • Transmission
  • Applications of optical phenomena
  • Luminescence
  • Materials of importance -light-emitting diodes
  • Photoconductivity
  • Lasers
  • Optical fibers in communications Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism Ferromagnetism
  • Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism
  • The Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior
  • Domains and Hysteresis
  • Magnetic Anisotropy
  • Soft Magnetic Materials
  • Materials of Importance-An Iron-Silicon Alloy That Is Used in Transformer Cores
  • Hard Magnetic Materials Magnetic Storage
  • Superconductivity
• Module 6: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (6 Hrs.)
  • Properties of superconductors
  • London equations
  • Quantum explanation of superconductivity
  • Applications of superconductors
  • Nanomaterials: Introduction to nanotechnology
  • Nanowire and Nanotube
  • Carbon nanotubes
  • Single wall carbon nanotubes
  • Multiwall carbon nanotubes
  • Fabrications
  • Properties and applications
  • Economic
  • Environmental
  • And Societal Issues in Materials Science and Engineering introduction
  • Economic considerations
  • Component design
  • Materials
  • Manufacturing techniques
  • Environmental and societal considerations
  • Recycling issues in materials science and engineering
  • Materials of importance-biodegradable and biorenewable polymers/ plastics

Open Elective: Bio-Medical Instrumentation [OEC EE 805]

• Module 1: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Biomedical signals and Physiological transducers: Source of biomedical signal
  • Origin of bioelectric signals
  • Recording electrodes
  • Electrodes for ECG
  • EMG and EEG Physiological transducers: Pressure
  • Temperature
  • Photoelectric and ultrasound Transducers
  • Measurement in Respiratory system: Physiology of respiratory system
  • Measurement of breathing mechanics Spiro meter
  • Respiratory therapy equipments Inhalators ventilators and Respirators
  • Humidifiers
  • Nebulizers Aspirators
  • Biomedical recorders: ECG
  • EEG and EMG
• Module 2: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Patient Monitoring systems and Audiometers: Cardiac monitor
  • Bed-side patient monitor
  • Measurement of heart rate
  • Blood pressure
  • Temperature
  • Respiration rate
  • Arrhythmia monitor
  • Methods of monitoring fatal heart rate
  • Monitoring labor activity
  • Audiometers: Audiometers
  • Blood cell counters
  • Oximeter
  • Blood flow meter
  • Cardiac output measurement
  • Blood gas analyzers
• Module 3: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Modern Imaging systems: Introduction
  • Basic principle and Block diagram of x-ray machine
  • X-ray Computed Tomography (CT)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging system (NMR)
  • Ultrasonic imaging system
  • Eco-Cardiograph
  • Eco Encephalography
  • Ophthalmic scans
  • MRI
  • Therapeutic Equipments: Cardiac pacemakers
  • Cardiac defibrillators
  • Hemodialysis machine
  • Surgical diathermy machine
• Module 4: (Lectures 8 hrs.)
  • Patient's safety: Precautions
  • Safety codes for electro medical equipment
  • Electric safety analyzer
  • Testing of biomedical equipment
  • Ultrasound therapy unit
  • Electrotherapy Equipments
  • Ventilators

Text Books:

1. "Hand book of Biomedical Instrumentation", R.S.Khandpur, TMH
2. "Biomedical Instruments: Theory and Design", Walter Welko- Witiz and Sid Doutsch, Wiley
3. "Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements", Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell and Erich A. Pfeiffer, PHI
4. "Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology", Joseph J. Carr and John M. Brown, Pearson
5. "Textbook of Biomedical Instrumentation System", Shakti Chatterjee, Cengage Learning

Open Elective: Satellite Communication [OEC EE 806]

Course Code: 110814 | Credits: 3L: 0T: 0P - 3 Credits

• Module 1: Introduction to Satellite Communication (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Principles and architecture of satellite Communication
  • Brief history of Satellite systems
  • Advantages
  • Disadvantages
  • Applications and frequency bands used for satellite communication
• Module 2: Orbital Mechanics (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Orbital equations
  • Kepler's laws
  • Apogee and Perigee for an elliptical orbit
  • Evaluation of velocity
  • Orbital period
  • Angular velocity etc. of a satellite
  • Concepts of Solar day and Sidereal day
• Module 3: Satellite sub-systems (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Study of Architecture and Roles of various sub systems of a satellite system such as Telemetry
  • Tracking
  • Command and monitoring (TTC and M)
  • Attitude and orbit control system (AOCS)
  • Communication sub-system
• Module 4: Typical Phenomena in Satellite Communication (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Solar Eclipse on satellite
  • Its effects
  • Remedies for Eclipse
  • Sun Transit Outage phenomena
  • Its effects and remedies
  • Doppler frequency shift Phenomena and expression for Doppler shift
• Module 5: System Analysis (Lectures 6 hrs.)
  • Flux density and received signal power equations
  • Calculation of System noise temperature for satellite receiver
  • Noise power calculation
  • C/N ratio calculations in clear air and rainy conditions

Text Books:

1. Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, Jeremy E. Allnutt: "Satellite Communications", Wiley
2. Tri T. Ha: "Digital Satellite Communications", Tata McGraw Hill
3. Dennis Roddy: "Satellite Communication", 4th Edition, McGraw Hill

Program Elective: Fiber Optic Communications [PEC EE 801]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

• Understand the principles fiber-optic communication, the components and the bandwidth advantages.
• Understand the properties of the optical fibers and optical components.
• Understand operation of lasers, LEDs, and detectors
• Analyze system performance of optical communication systems
• Design optical networks and understand non-linear effects in optical fibers

• Module 1:
  • Introduction to vector nature of light
  • Propagation of light
  • Propagation of light in a cylindrical dielectric rod
  • Ray model
  • Wave model
• Module 2:
  • Different types of optical fibers
  • Modal analysis of a step index fiber
  • Signal degradation on optical fiber due to dispersion and attenuation
  • Fabrication of fibers and measurement techniques like OTDR
• Module 3:
  • Optical sources - LEDs and Lasers
  • Photo-detectors - pin-diodes, APDs, detector responsivity, noise, optical receivers
  • Optical link design - BER calculation, quantum limit, power penalties
• Module 4:
  • Optical switches - coupled mode analysis of directional couplers, electro-optic switches
• Module 5:
  • Optical amplifiers - EDFA, Raman amplifier
• Module 6:
  • WDM and DWDM systems
  • Principles of WDM networks
• Module 7:
  • Nonlinear effects in fiber optic links
  • Concept of self-phase modulation
  • Group velocity dispersion and solition based communication

Text/Reference Books:

1. J. Keiser, Fibre Optic communication, McGraw-Hill, 5th Ed. 2013 (Indian Edition).
2. T. Tamir, Integrated optics, (Topics in Applied Physics Vol.7), Springer-Verlag, 1975.
3. J. Gowar, Optical communication systems, Prentice Hall India, 1987.
4. S.E. Miller and A.G. Chynoweth, eds., Optical fibres telecommunications, Academic Press, 1979.
5. G. Agrawal, Nonlinear fibre optics, Academic Press, 2nd Ed. 1994.
6. G. Agrawal, Fiber optic Communication Systems, John Wiley and sons, New York, 1997
7. F.C. Allard, Fiber Optics Handbook for engineers and scientists, McGraw Hill, New York (1990).

Program Elective: Micro and Nano-Electronics [PEC EE 802]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

• Analyze semiconductor devices, through numerical problems, using fundamental characteristics of semiconductor materials, such as carrier densities, transport, lifetime, generation and recombination.
• Understand various aspects of nano-technology and the processes involved in making nano components and material.
• Leverage advantages of the nano-materials and appropriate use in solving practical problems.

• Module 1:
  • Semiconductor crystal lattice and growth of high purity semiconductor materials Energy bands
  • Fermi-Dirac distribution function, and energy band diagrams Doping of semiconductors; carrier concentration in doped and intrinsic semiconductors Carrier transport phenomena
  • Drift and diffusion current; device current equations
• Module 2:
  • Generation, recombination, carrier lifetime and mobility Semiconductor junctions p-n diodes: creation of space charge region in a p-n junction and current-voltage characteristics Metal-semiconductor contacts - Schottky and Ohmic contact LED -Application of p-n junction Basic operation principle of BJT and MOSFET transistors
• Module 3:
  • Introduction to nanotechnology, meso structures, Basics of Quantum Mechanics: Schrodinger equation, Density of States
  • Particle in a box Concepts, Degeneracy
  • Band Theory of Solids
  • Kronig-Penny Model
  • Brillouin Zones
• Module 4:
  • Shrink-down approaches: Introduction, CMOS Scaling, The nanoscale MOSFET, Finfets, Vertical MOSFETS, limits to scaling, system integration limits (interconnect issues etc.)
• Module 5:
  • Resonant Tunneling Diode
  • Coulomb dots
  • Quantum blockade
  • Single electron transistors
  • Carbon nanotube electronics
  • Bandstructure and transport, devices, applications, 2D semiconductors and electronic devices
  • Graphene
  • Atomistic simulation

Text/Reference Books:

1. Semiconductor Physics and Devices, Donald A. Neamen, 4th edition, McGraw Hill Higher Education
2. G.W. Hanson, Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics, Pearson, 2009.
3. W. Ranier, Nanoelectronics and Information Technology (Advanced Electronic Material and Novel Devices), Wiley-VCH, 2003.
4. K.E. Drexler, Nanosystems, Wiley, 1992.
5. J.H. Davies, The Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductors, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
6. C.P. Poole, F. J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, Wiley, 2003
7. BEU ENGG'S

Program Elective: Transducer & Signal Conditioning [PEC EE 803]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to understand the basics knowledge of the principles, working and characteristics of transducers and the associated signal conditioning circuits for industrial applications.

• Module 1: Transducers (10 hours)
  • Introduction
  • Classification
  • Mechanical devices as primary detectors
  • Basic requirements of a transducer
  • Electrical transducers
  • Type of transducers for measuring displacement
  • Strain
  • Vibration
  • Pressure
  • Flow
  • Temperature
  • Force
  • Torque
  • Liquid level
  • Humidity
  • P. H. value
  • Velocity (angular & linear)
  • Acceleration
  • Basic principles of resistive transducers
  • Inductive transducers
  • Capacitive transducers
  • Thermoelectric transducers
  • Piezoelectric transducers
  • Hall effect transducers
  • Electromechanical transducers
  • Photoelectric transducers
  • Digital transducers
• Module 2: Signal Processing Circuits (11 hours)
  • Crossing detector
  • Zero crossing detector with hysteresis
  • Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers
  • Voltage-follower
  • Adder
  • Sub-tractor
  • Multiplier
  • Divider
  • Integrator
  • Differentiator
  • Voltage to current converter
  • Current to voltage converter
  • Phase shifter circuit
  • Absolute-value circuit
  • Peak detector
  • Ac to dc converter
  • Logarithmic converter
  • Differential-amplifier
  • Instrumentation amplifier
  • Analog modulators & demodulators
• Module 3: Data Display and Recording Systems (6 hours)
  • Introduction to analog and digital display methods
  • Analog recorders
  • C.R.O.
  • Magnetic tape recorders
  • Digital input-output devices
  • Digital frequency meter
  • Digital voltmeter
• Module 4: Data Transmission and Telemetry (6 hours)
  • Introduction
  • Characteristics of frequency division multiplexing
  • Time-division multiplexing
  • Transmission channels and media
• Module 5: Data Acquisition and Conversion (7 hours)
  • Introduction
  • Signal conditioning of the inputs
  • Single channel DAS
  • Multi-channel DAS
  • Data conversion
  • Multiplexer
  • S/H circuit
  • A/D converter

Text / References:

1. D. V. S. Murty, "Transducers and Instrumentation", Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, 2013.
2. C.S. Rangan, G.R. Sarma and V. S.V. Mani, "Instrumentation Devices & Systems", Mc Graw Hill.
3. A. K. Sawhney, "A course in Electrical & Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation", Dhanpat Rai & Sons.

Program Elective: Power System Protection [PEC EE 804]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

• Understand the different components of a protection system. Evaluate fault current due to different types of fault in a network.
• Understand the protection schemes for different power system components.
• Understand the basic principles of digital protection.
• Understand system protection schemes, and the use of wide-area measurements.

• Module 1: Introduction and Components of a Protection System (4 hours)
  • Principles of Power System Protection
  • Relays
  • Instrument transformers
  • Circuit Breakers
• Module 2: Faults and Over-Current Protection (8 hours)
  • Review of Fault Analysis
  • Sequence Networks
  • Introduction to Overcurrent Protection
  • Overcurrent relay co-ordination
• Module 3: Equipment Protection Schemes (8 hours)
  • Directional protection
  • Distance protection
  • Differential protection
  • Transformer and Generator protection
  • Bus bar Protection
  • Bus Bar arrangement schemes
• Module 4: Digital Protection (8 hours)
  • Computer-aided protection
  • Fourier analysis and estimation of Phasors from DFT
  • Sampling
  • Aliasing issues
• Module 5: Modeling and Simulation of Protection Schemes (8 hours)
  • CT/PT modeling and standards
  • Simulation of transients using Electro-Magnetic Transients (EMT) programs
  • Relay Testing
• Module 6: System Protection (4 hours)
  • Effect of Power Swings on Distance Relaying
  • System Protection Schemes
  • Under-frequency relays
  • Under-voltage relays
  • Df/dt relays
  • Out-of-step protection
  • Synchro-phasors
  • Phasor Measurement Units
  • Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS)
  • Application of WAMS for improving protection systems

Text/References:

1. J. L. Blackburn, "Protective Relaying: Principles and Applications", Marcel Dekker, New York, 1987.
2. Y. G.Paithankar and S. R. Bhide, "Fundamentals of power system protection", Prentice Hall, India, 2010.
3. A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, "Computer Relaying for Power Systems", John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
4. A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, "Synchronized Phasor Measurements and their Applications", Springer, 2008.
5. D. Reimert, "Protective Relaying for Power Generation Systems", Taylor and Francis, 2006.

Program Elective: Smart Grid [PEC EE 805]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

• Understand the background and fundamental building blocks of smart grid with stringent emphasis on practical applications in the existing power system network
• Emphasizes on renewable energy source integration in present grids as well as in micro and nano grids as part of the course and explores its issues in operation, analysis, management, control, protection and monitoring.

• Module 1: Introduction to Smart Grid: (8 hours)
  • Evolution of Electric Grid
  • Concept
  • Definitions and Need for Smart Grid
  • Smart grid drivers
  • Functions
  • Opportunities
  • Challenges and benefits
  • Difference between conventional & Smart Grid
  • Concept of Resilient & Self-Healing Grid
  • Present development & International policies in Smart Grid
  • Diverse perspectives from experts and global Smart Grid initiatives
• Module 2: Smart Grid Technologies (8 hours)
  • Technology Drivers
  • Smart energy resources
  • Smart substations
  • Substation Automation
  • Feeder Automation
  • Transmission systems: EMS
  • FACTS and HVDC
  • Wide area monitoring
  • Protection and Control
  • Distribution Systems: DMS
  • Volt/Var control
  • Fault Detection
  • Isolation and service restoration
  • Outage management
  • High-Efficiency
  • Distribution Transformers
  • Phase Shifting Transformers
  • Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
• Module 3: Smart Meters and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (8 hours)
  • Introduction to Smart Meters
  • Advanced Metering infrastructure (AMI) drivers and benefits
  • AMI protocols
  • Standards and initiatives
  • AMI needs in the smart grid
  • Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
  • Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED)
  • Their application for monitoring & protection
• Module 4: Power Quality Management in Smart Grid: (8 hours)
  • Power Quality & EMC in Smart Grid
  • Power Quality issues of Grid connected Renewable Energy Sources
  • Power Quality Conditioners for Smart Grid
  • Web based Power Quality monitoring
  • Power Quality Audit
• Module 5: High Performance Computing for Smart Grid Applications (8 hours)
  • Local Area Network (LAN)
  • House Area Network (HAN)
  • Wide Area Network (WAN)
  • Broad band over Power line (BPL)
  • IP based Protocols
  • Basics of Web Service and CLOUD Computing to make Smart Grids smarter
  • Cyber Security for Smart Grid

Text/References:

1. Vehbi C. Glingor, Dilan Sahin, Taskin Kocak, Salih Ergilt, Concettina Buccella, Carlo Cecati, and Gerhard P. Hancke: Smart Grid Technologies- Communication Technologies and Standards IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 7, No. 4, November 2011
2. Xi Fang, Satyajayant Misra, Guoliang Xue, and Dejun Yang: Smart Grid - The New and Improved Power Grid- A Survey, IEEE Transaction on Smart Grids, 2011.
3. Stuart Boriase: Smart Grid-Infrastructure, Technology and Solutions, CRC Press, 2012.
4. A Keyhani, M Marwali, "Smart power grids"
5. ArunPhadke, "computer Relaying for Power Systems"
6. Nikos Hatziargyriou, "Microgrids Architecture and control"
7. Fang Lin Luo, Hong Ye, "Renewable Energy Systems"

Program Elective: Wind and Solar Energy Systems [PEC EE 806]

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

• Understand the energy scenario and the consequent growth of the power generation from renewable energy sources.
• Understand the basic physics of wind and solar power generation.
• Understand the power electronic interfaces for wind and solar generation.
• Understand the issues related to the grid-integration of solar and wind energy systems.

• Module 1: Physics of Wind Power: (5 Hours)
  • History of wind power
  • Indian and Global statistics
  • Wind physics
  • Betz limit
  • Tip speed ratio
  • Stall and pitch control
  • Wind speed statistics-probability distributions
  • Wind speed and power-cumulative distribution functions
• Module 2: Wind generator topologies: (12 Hours)
  • Review of modern wind turbine technologies
  • Fixed and Variable speed wind turbines
  • Induction Generators
  • Doubly-Fed Induction Generators and their characteristics
  • Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generators
  • Power electronics converters
  • Generator-Converter configurations
  • Converter Control
• Module 3: The Solar Resource: (3 Hours)
  • Introduction
  • Solar radiation spectra
  • Solar geometry
  • Earth Sun angles
  • Observer Sun angles
  • Solar day length
  • Estimation of solar energy availability
• Module 4: Solar photovoltaic: (8 Hours)
  • Technologies-Amorphous
  • Monocrystalline
  • Polycrystalline
  • V-I characteristics of a PV cell
  • PV module
  • Array
  • Power Electronic Converters for Solar Systems
  • Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms
  • Converter Control
• Module 5: Network Integration Issues: (8 Hours)
  • Overview of grid code technical requirements
  • Fault ride-through for wind farms -real and reactive power regulation
  • Voltage and frequency operating limits
  • Solar PV and wind farm behavior during grid disturbances
  • Power quality issues
  • Power system interconnection experiences in the world
  • Hybrid and isolated operations of solar PV and wind systems
• Module 6: Solar thermal power generation: (3 Hours)
  • Technologies
  • Parabolic trough
  • Central receivers
  • Parabolic dish
  • Fresnel
  • Solar pond
  • Elementary analysis

Text/References:

1. T. Ackermann, "Wind Power in Power Systems", John Wiley and Sons Ltd.,2005.
2. G. M. Masters, "Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems", John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
3. S. P. Sukhatme, "Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage", McGraw Hill,1984.
4. H. Siegfried and R. Waddington, "Grid integration of wind energy conversion systems" John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2006.
5. G. N. Tiwari and M. K. Ghosal, "Renewable Energy Applications", Narosa Publications, 2004.
6. J. A. Duffie and W. A. Beckman, "Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes", John Wiley & Sons, 1991.