Abhi PYQ

7th Semester Syllabus

Aeronautical Engineering

Credits Table

Course Title L T P Credits
Flight Vehicle Design [116701] 3 0 0 3
Program Elective II [1167XX] 3 0 0 3
Program Elective III [1167XX] 3 0 0 3
Flight Vehicle Design Lab [116701P] 0 0 2 1
Summer Internship-II [116710P] 0 0 8 Weeks 8
Project-I [116711P] 0 0 0 6
NPTEL Courses-II [116712P] - - - 2
TOTAL 26

Theory Subjects

Lab Subjects

Flight Vehicle Design [116701]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Flight Vehicle Design
    • Overview of aircraft design process
    • Conceptual
    • Preliminary
    • And detail design phases
    • Mission definition: payload
    • Range
    • Endurance
    • Altitude
    • Maneuver requirements
    • Review of aircraft configurations: conventional
    • Canard
    • Blended wing
    • UAV configurations
    • Design drivers and constraints (regulations
    • Cost
    • Manufacturability)
    • Technology trends influencing aircraft design
  • Unit 2.0: Weight Estimation and Aerodynamic Sizing
    • Statistical and empirical weight estimation
    • Take-off gross weight estimation
    • Fuel fraction determination
    • Wing loading (W/S) and power/thrust loading (T/W)
    • Aerodynamic sizing of wing
    • Tail
    • Fuselage
    • Airfoil selection
    • Constraint analysis for climb
    • Cruise
    • Take-off
    • Landing
    • Sensitivity analysis of design parameters
  • Unit 3.0: Aircraft Performance Analysis
    • Take-off and landing performance calculations
    • Climb performance
    • Service ceiling
    • Drift-down analysis
    • Cruise performance: range and endurance (piston/jet)
    • Turning performance
    • Maneuver envelopes
    • Payload-range diagram development
    • Energy methods in performance analysis
  • Unit 4.0: Stability
    • Static stability: longitudinal
    • Lateral
    • And directional
    • Neutral point
    • Static margin
    • CG limits
    • Tail volume coefficients
    • Tail sizing
    • High-lift devices
  • Unit 5.0: Control Design
    • Control derivatives and control surface sizing
    • Flying qualities (MIL-F-8785 standards)
    • Trim and control analysis
  • Unit 6.0: Conceptual Design Integration
    • Structuring and laying out a flight vehicle model
    • Structural design considerations: loads
    • Material selection
    • Propulsion system integration: engine selection and placement
    • Systems integration: landing gear layout
    • Fuel system
    • Avionics
    • Subsystem
    • Cost estimation and manufacturability
    • Preparation of a conceptual design report and configuration drawing

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach, Daniel P. Raymer, AIAA Education Series, 6th Edition, 2018. ISBN: 978-1624104909.
  2. Aircraft Performance and Design, John D. Anderson, McGraw Hill Education, 2017. ISBN 978-0070702455.
  3. Design of Aircraft, Thomas C. Corke Pearson Education, 2nd Edition, 2003. ISBN: 9780130882824.
  4. Aircraft Design: A Systems Engineering Approach Mohammad, H. Sadraey Wiley, First Edition, 2012. ISBN: 9781119953401.
  5. General Aviation Aircraft Design: Applied Methods and Procedures, Snorri Gudmundsson Butterworth-Heinemann, 2nd Edition, 2022. ISBN: 978-0128184653
  6. Airplane Design (Series I-VIII), Jan Roskam, DAR corporation, 2000. ISBN (Vol.1): 978-1884885440
  7. Synthesis of Subsonic Airplane Design, Egbert Torenbeek, Delft University Press/ Springer, 1990. ISBN: 978-0792331221.

Program Elective II: Computational Fluid Dynamics [116702]

  • Unit 1.0: Fundamental Concepts
    • Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: Scope and importance of CFD in aerospace and engineering applications
    • Relation between experimental
    • Analytical
    • And computational approaches
    • Fundamental assumptions: continuum hypothesis and Newtonian fluid model
    • Types of fluid flows: incompressible vs. compressible
    • Viscous vs. inviscid
    • Steady vs. unsteady
    • Basic Equations of Fluid Dynamics: Derivation and physical meaning of governing equations: continuity
    • Momentum
    • And energy
    • Integral and differential forms of conservation equations
    • Navier-Stokes equations and simplifying assumptions for laminar and inviscid flows
    • Role of viscosity
    • Pressure
    • And energy terms in governing flow behavior
    • Mathematical Classification of Fluid Flow Equations: Nature and classification of partial differential equations: elliptic
    • Parabolic
    • And hyperbolic
    • Physical interpretation of each PDE type and examples (Laplace
    • Diffusion
    • Wave equations)
    • Relevance of equation type to steady and unsteady flow problems
    • Mathematical behavior and numerical implications for each class
    • Well-Posed Problems and Boundary Conditions: Definition and importance of well-posedness: existence
    • Uniqueness
    • And stability of solutions
    • Classification of boundary conditions: Dirichlet
    • Neumann
    • And mixed
    • Selection of initial and boundary conditions for subsonic and supersonic flows
    • Impact of improper boundary specification on numerical convergence
    • Discretization of Partial Differential Equations: Concept and purpose of discretization in CFD
    • Finite difference approximations: forward
    • Backward
    • And central difference schemes
    • Taylor series expansion and truncation error analysis
    • Consistency
    • Accuracy
    • And convergence of discretized equations
    • Transformations and Computational Grids: Coordinate transformations: Cartesian
    • Curvilinear
    • And body-fitted coordinates
    • Structured and unstructured grid systems - advantages and limitations
    • Grid generation techniques and mesh quality criteria
    • Grid refinement and independence testing
    • Explicit Finite Difference Methods for Flow Problems: Time-dependent discretization: explicit time-marching methods
    • Application to model equations for subsonic
    • Supersonic
    • And viscous flows
    • Stability analysis: Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition and von Neumann method
    • Limitations and practical implementation of explicit schemes
    • Numerical Stability
    • Convergence
    • And Accuracy: Relationship between stability
    • Consistency
    • And convergence (Lax equivalence theorem)
    • Sources of numerical errors: truncation
    • Round-off
    • And boundary approximations
    • Influence of grid resolution and time-step size on solution accuracy
    • Guidelines for achieving stable and convergent CFD simulations
  • Unit 2.0: Panel Methods
    • Introduction to Panel Methods: Concept of potential flow and its relevance to inviscid
    • Incompressible external aerodynamics
    • Simplification of flow field using Laplace's equation
    • Representation of body surfaces by distributed singularities (sources and vortices)
    • Importance of panel methods in aerodynamic analysis and design
    • Source Panel Method: Fundamentals of source singularity distribution along surface panels
    • Mathematical formulation of source strength and potential function
    • Enforcement of no-penetration boundary condition on non-lifting bodies
    • Computation of surface velocity and pressure coefficient for symmetric airfoils and bodies of revolution
    • Practical examples and limitations of the source panel approach
    • Vortex Panel Method: Need for vortex distribution to model circulation and lift in aerodynamic flows
    • Mathematical formulation of vortex panels and determination of vortex strength
    • Application of Kutta condition for trailing-edge flow
    • Calculation of lift
    • Pressure distribution
    • And streamline patterns for airfoils
    • Extension to combined source-vortex panel methods for more accurate modeling
    • Applications of Panel Methods: Use of panel methods for airfoil and wing performance prediction
    • Application to fuselage and external flow problems in aerospace and marine contexts
    • Comparison with finite difference / finite volume CFD methods in terms of computational cost and accuracy
    • Advantages and limitations in practical aerodynamic design and preliminary analysis
  • Unit 3.0: Discretization
    • Boundary Layer Equations and Methods of Solution: Derivation and physical interpretation of boundary layer equations from Navier-Stokes equations
    • Simplifying assumptions for laminar and turbulent boundary layers
    • Numerical approaches for boundary layer solution: finite difference and implicit schemes
    • Application to compressible and incompressible flows
    • Implicit Time-Dependent Methods for Inviscid and Viscous Flows: Concept of implicit discretization and its importance for stiff equations
    • Formulation of implicit schemes for inviscid and viscous compressible flows
    • Comparison between explicit and implicit time-marching methods
    • Advantages in terms of stability and convergence for high-speed flow computations
    • Concept of Numerical Dissipation: Definition and physical interpretation of numerical dissipation (artificial viscosity)
    • Role in damping oscillations and stabilizing high-speed flow simulations
    • Balancing accuracy and stability through controlled dissipation
    • Example of artificial viscosity terms in compressible flow solvers
    • Stability Properties of Explicit and Implicit Methods: Review of stability
    • Consistency
    • And convergence for time-dependent schemes
    • Von Neumann stability analysis and Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition
    • Comparison of stability limits for explicit and implicit discretization methods
    • Practical criteria for selecting time steps and spatial resolution
    • Conservative Upwind Discretization for Hyperbolic Systems: Formulation of upwind differencing schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws
    • Concept of information propagation direction and characteristic speeds
    • Conservation form of finite difference equations for compressible flows
    • Role of flux vector splitting and Riemann solvers in upwind schemes
    • Advantages of Upwind Differencing Techniques: Comparison of upwind differencing with central differencing in terms of stability and accuracy
    • Reduction of numerical oscillations near shocks and discontinuities
    • Enhanced shock-capturing and monotonicity-preserving properties
    • Importance in modern CFD solvers for aerospace and turbomachinery flows
  • Unit 4.0: Finite Element Techniques
    • Introduction to Finite Element Techniques in CFD: Overview of finite element method (FEM) and its role in computational fluid dynamics
    • Comparison of FEM with finite difference and finite volume methods
    • Importance of FEM in solving complex geometries and boundary-dominated problems
    • Applications of FEM in incompressible and compressible flow simulations
    • Strong and Weak Formulations of Boundary Value Problems: Definition and derivation of strong formulation for differential equations
    • Introduction to weak formulation and its necessity in numerical analysis
    • Concept of test functions and weighting functions in weak form derivation
    • Physical interpretation of weak forms for fluid flow problems
    • Weighted Residual and Galerkin Formulations: General concept of weighted residual methods for approximate solutions
    • Types of weighting techniques: Collocation
    • Subdomain
    • Least Squares
    • And Galerkin
    • Derivation of the Galerkin formulation from the weighted residual approach
    • Application of the Galerkin method to ID convection-diffusion problems
    • Weak and Variational Formulations: Relationship between weak and variational formulations
    • Application of the principle of minimum potential energy
    • Role of boundary and initial conditions in variational methods
    • Advantages of variational formulations in ensuring solution smoothness and convergence
    • Piecewise-Defined Shape Functions: Concept of domain discretization into elements
    • Construction of shape (interpolation) functions for linear and quadratic elements
    • Properties of shape functions: continuity
    • Completeness
    • And compatibility
    • Evaluation of element matrices and assembly of the global system
    • Implementation of the Finite Element Method (FEM): Step-by-step procedure for FEM implementation in CFD: Discretization of domain
    • Selection of shape functions
    • Formulation of element equations
    • Assembly of global equations
    • Application of boundary conditions
    • Integration over elements using Gaussian quadrature
    • Numerical examples and discussion of computational efficiency
    • The Solution Procedure and Post-Processing: Matrix formation and solution of algebraic equations using direct and iterative methods
    • Handling of symmetric and sparse matrices
    • Post-processing: velocity
    • Pressure
    • And temperature field reconstruction
    • Accuracy
    • Convergence
    • And verification of FEM solutions
  • Unit 5.0: Finite Volume Formulations I
    • Introduction to Finite Volume Techniques: Concept and principle of conservation over a finite control volume
    • Derivation of finite volume formulations from the integral form of governing equations
    • Comparison of finite volume
    • Finite difference
    • And finite element methods
    • Applications of finite volume approach in compressible and incompressible flow solvers
    • Cell-Centered Formulation: Structure of control volumes around cell centers
    • Evaluation of fluxes through cell faces and formulation of discrete conservation equations
    • Role of cell-centered storage in structured and unstructured grids
    • Implementation aspects in compressible flow solvers
    • Time-Stepping Techniques: Lax-Wendroff and Runge-Kutta Methods: Lax-Wendroff scheme: formulation
    • Second-order accuracy
    • And stability aspects
    • Runge-Kutta time-stepping: multi-stage explicit schemes for time advancement
    • Comparison of Lax-Wendroff and Runge-Kutta schemes in terms of accuracy and computational cost
    • Applications in unsteady flow and shock-capturing problems
    • Multi-Stage Time-Stepping and Accuracy Considerations: Concept of multi-stage integration for improving temporal accuracy
    • Stability limits and convergence behavior of multi-stage methods
    • Order of accuracy and truncation error estimation
    • Practical guidelines for selecting time-step size and scheme parameters
    • Cell-Vertex Formulation: Difference between cell-centered and cell-vertex storage approaches
    • Advantages of vertex-based formulations for gradient evaluation and flux interpolation
    • Applications in finite volume schemes for unstructured grids
    • Use in aerofoil and curved surface flow simulations
  • Unit 6.0: Finite Volume Formulations II
    • FDM-like Finite Volume Techniques: Relationship between finite difference and finite volume formulations
    • Derivation of FDM-like schemes preserving flux conservation and numerical stability
    • Hybrid methods combining the benefits of both formulations
    • Examples of simple FDM-like discretizations for diffusion and advection equations
    • Central and Upwind Type Discretization: Concept of information propagation direction in flow fields
    • Central differencing: accuracy
    • Simplicity
    • And limitations
    • Upwind differencing: stability and robustness in convective-dominated problems
    • Flux vector splitting and Roe's scheme concepts
    • Treatment of Derivatives in Finite Volume Methods: Gradient and divergence approximations within a control volume
    • Use of Green-Gauss and least squares methods for derivative evaluation
    • Ensuring conservation and consistency across cell interfaces
    • Impact of derivative accuracy on solution stability and convergence

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Computational Fluid Dynamics -The Basics with Applications, John D Anderson, McGraw Hill, 1995.
  2. An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics - The Finite Volume Method, H. K. Versteeg and W. Malalasekera, Longman Scientific and Technical, 1995
  3. Theoretical and Computational Aerodynamics, Tapan K. Sengupta, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2015.
  4. Computational Method for Fluid Dynamics, Joel H. Ferziger and Milovan Peric, 3rd Edition, Springer, 2002.
  5. Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Dale A. Anderson, John C. Tannehill and Richard H. Pletcher, 2nd Edition, Taylor and Francis, 1984.

Program Elective II: Airline and Airport Management [116703]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Airline Industry
    • Evolution of air transport industry - Global and Indian scenario
    • Organizational structures of airlines Full-service carriers vs. low-cost carriers
    • Airline economics and cost structures
    • Functions of commercial
    • Operational
    • And ground handling divisions
  • Unit 2.0: Airline Operations & Management
    • Fleet planning and route planning
    • Airline scheduling
    • Slot allocation
    • And hub-and-spoke systems
    • Yield management and revenue optimization
    • Cargo operations and ancillary revenue sources
  • Unit 3.0: Airport Planning & Infrastructure
    • Airport classification and ownership models
    • Airside facilities runways
    • Taxiways
    • Aprons
    • Terminal facilities design concepts
    • Capacity planning
    • Passenger flow management
    • Airport support services - ATC
    • Firefighting
    • Ground handling
  • Unit 4.0: Airport Operations & Safety Management
    • Airport operations: check-in
    • Security
    • Baggage handling
    • Boarding
    • Safety and emergency planning - ICAO
    • IATA
    • DGCA regulations
    • Airport certification and audits
    • Case studies on airport efficiency and disruptions
  • Unit 5.0: Emerging Trends & Sustainability I
    • Digital transformation in airlines and airports (AI
    • IoT
    • Biometrics)
    • Sustainable airport design and green initiatives
  • Unit 6.0: Emerging Trends & Sustainability II
    • Future of air transport: urban air mobility
    • Drones
    • And eVTOLs
    • Challenges of post-pandemic recovery and resilience

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Air Transportation: A Management Perspective, John G. Wensveen, Routledge, 9th Edition, 2018, ISBN-10: 1138664729, ISBN-13: 978-1138664729.
  2. Airport Planning and Management, Seth B. Young, Alexander T. Wells, McGraw-Hill Education, 6th Edition, 2011, ISBN-10: 0071775735, ISBN-13: 978-0071775731.
  3. Airline Operations and Management: A Management Textbook, Gerald N. Cook, Bruce Billig, Routledge, 2nd Edition, 2017, ISBN-10: 1472478055, ISBN-13: 978-1472478056,
  4. Fundamentals of Air Transport Management P. S. Senguttuvan, Excel Books, 2nd Edition, 2006, ISBN-10: 8174464640, ISBN-13: 978-8174464643.
  5. Introduction to Air Transport Economics: From Theory to Applications, Bijan Vasigh, Ken Fleming, Thomas Tacker, Routledge, 3rd Edition, 2018, ISBN-10: 1138641404, ISBN-13: 978-1138641409.
  6. Airline Management: Strategies for the 21st Century, Paul Stephen Dempsey, Laurence Gesell, Coast Aire Publications, 7th Edition, 2017, ISBN-10: 0972805320, ISBN-13: 978-0972805326.

Program Elective II: Aviation Fuels and Combustion [116704]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Aviation Fuels
    • Classification of aviation fuels Avgas and Jet fuels
    • Composition and refining process
    • Physical and chemical properties
    • ASTM specifications
    • Comparison of gasoline and kerosene fuels
    • Storage
    • Handling
    • And contamination control
  • Unit 2.0: Combustion Fundamentals
    • Stoichiometric combustion
    • Air-fuel ratio
    • Equivalence ratio
    • Adiabatic flame temperature
    • Reaction kinetics
    • Ignition delay
    • Flammability limits
    • Combustion efficiency
    • Chemical equilibrium in combustion
  • Unit 3.0: Combustion in Aircraft Engines
    • Combustion systems in gas turbine engines
    • Flame stability
    • Combustor configurations
    • Fuel-air mixing
    • Combustion efficiency
    • Emission formation
    • Performance testing and analysis
  • Unit 4.0: Fuel Additives
    • Types and role of additives
    • Anti-oxidants
    • Anti-knock agents
    • Icing inhibitors
    • Corrosion preventers
  • Unit 5.0: Alternative Fuels
    • Introduction to biofuels
    • Synthetic fuels
    • Hydrogen
    • And cryogenic fuels
    • Environmental aspects and emission control technologies
  • Unit 6.0: Fuel Testing and Performance Evaluation
    • Fuel characterization techniques
    • Calorific value determination
    • Viscosity
    • Flash point
    • Fire point
    • Density
    • Volatility
    • And freezing point
    • ASTM testing methods and interpretation of results

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Combustion Engineering, Gary L. Borman, Kenneth W. Ragland, McGraw Hill, ISBN-10: 9780071159784, ISBN-13: 978-0071159784.
  2. Jet Propulsion and Gas Turbine Engines, Nicholas CumpstyLongman Scientific
  3. Principles of combustion. Kenneth Kuan-Yun Kuo (2005), Springer Nature (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-006-0039-5).
  4. Aviation Fuels Technical Review Chevron Corporation Technical Publication (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/aviation-fuels)
  5. Thermodynamics and Combustion Cengel and Boles McGraw Hill Education.

Program Elective II: Flight Modelling, Analysis and Simulation [116705]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction
    • Concepts of flight simulation and analysis- classification and uses
    • Coordinate systems (body
    • Wind
    • Stability axes)
    • Euler angles and transformation matrices
    • Equations of kinematics
  • Unit 2.0: Equation of Motion
    • Derivation of translational and rotational equations of motion
    • Derive aerodynamic
    • Propulsive
    • And gravitational forces and moments equations
    • Small perturbation theory
    • Linearization about steady flight
    • State-space representation
  • Unit 3.0: Stability and Control Derivatives I
    • Longitudinal and lateral-directional dynamics
    • Determination of stability derivatives pilot and autopilot models
  • Unit 4.0: Stability and Control Derivatives II
    • Dynamic modes of motion (phugoid
    • Short period
    • Dutch roll
    • Spiral
    • Roll) Control Surface modeling
  • Unit 5.0: 6-DOF Simulation and Numerical Methods
    • Derive 6-DOF rigid body mode
    • Modeling of sensors and actuators
    • Pilot and autopilot models
    • Real-time simulation aspects
  • Unit 6.0: Simulation Applications and Validation
    • Simulation of control inputs
    • Transient response
    • Case studies (transport aircraft
    • UAV
    • Fighter)
    • Comparison with flight test data
    • Model verification and validation

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Aircraft Control and Simulation, Stevens, B.L., Lewis, F.L., and Johnson, E.N., 3rd Ed., Wiley, 2016, ISBN-10: 1118870980, ISBN-13: 978-1118870983.
  2. Dynamics of Flight: Stability and Control, Etkin, B., and Reid, L.D., 3rd Ed., Wiley, 1996. ISBN 0-47 1-0341 8-5.
  3. Flight Dynamics for Aircraft Designers, Roskam, J., DAR corporation, 2018. ISBN-10: 1884885179, ISBN-13: 978-1884885174.
  4. Flight Dynamics Principles, Jaco Cook, M.V., 4th Ed., Elsevier, 2019.
  5. Automatic Control Systems, Kuo, B.C., D Prentice-Hall, 2015.
  6. MATLAB/Simulink User Guide for Aerospace Toolbox, MathWorks Inc. MathWorks Inc.

Program Elective III: Rockets and Missiles [116706]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Rockets and Missiles
    • Classification and Configurations
    • Mission Roles and Application Scope
    • Missile Subsystems Overview
    • Comparison of Rockets vs Missiles
    • Trends in Rocket/Missile Development
  • Unit 2.0: Stability and Control of Rockets and Missiles I
    • Static Margin and Natural Stability
    • Control Techniques and Stability Derivatives
  • Unit 3.0: Stability and Control of Rockets and Missiles II
    • Lateral/Directional Modes and Manoeuvring Control
    • Role of Guidance in Stability Feedback Loops
    • Stability During Powered vs Ballistic Flight
  • Unit 4.0: Launch and Recovery Systems
    • Launch Phases and Ground Support Systems
    • Boost and Coasting Flight Performance
    • Re-entry Heating and Recovery Mechanisms
    • Multi-stage Separation Techniques
  • Unit 5.0: Trajectory Analysis and Guidance Systems
    • Fundamentals of Missile Guidance
    • Interception and Miss Distance Calculations
    • Inertial and Satellite Navigation Integration
    • Motion Modelling and Trajectory Simulations
  • Unit 6.0: Design Considerations in Propulsion and Materials
    • Thrust Vector Control and Termination
    • Thermal Protection Systems and TPS Design
    • Cryogenic and High-Temperature Materials
    • Engine Integration and Mounting Concepts

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Rocket Propulsion Elements, G.P. Sutton, O. Biblarz, Wiley, 9th Edition, ISBN: 9788126538986
  2. Rocket Propulsion and Space Dynamics, NJ.W. Cornelisse et al., Pitman Publishing, ISBN: 9780273011436
  3. Rocket and Spacecraft Propulsion, Martin J.L. Turner, Springer, 3rd Edition, ISBN: 9783540490436
  4. Missile Design and System Engineering, Eugene Fleeman, AIAA Education Series, ISBN: 9781563475375
  5. Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control, Bong Wie, AIAA Education Series, ISBN: 9781563477034
  6. Fundamentals of Guided Missiles, S.R. Mohan, DRDO Publications, 1st Edition, 2016.
  7. Materials for Missiles and Spacecraft Earl R. Parker McGraw Hill, ISBN: 9780070488793

Program Elective III: Aircraft Quality Control, Quality Assurance [116707]

  • Unit 1.0: Introduction to Quality in Aerospace
    • Evolution of quality concepts: quality inspection
    • Quality control
    • Quality assurance
    • And total quality management (TQM)
    • Role of quality in airworthiness
    • Flight safety
    • And reliability
    • Aerospace regulatory bodies and standards: DGCA
    • FAA
    • EASA
    • ICAO
    • ISO 9001
    • AS9100 Quality documentation: manuals
    • Procedures
    • Inspection checklists
    • Certification records
    • Case studies: aircraft accidents/failures due to poor quality practices and lessons learned
  • Unit 2.0: Quality Control Techniques and Statistical Methods
    • Principles of aerospace quality control and inspection planning
    • Statistical Quality Control (SQC): measures of variation
    • Control charts (X-bar
    • R
    • P
    • Np
    • C
    • U)
    • Process capability indices (Cp
    • Cpk)
    • Acceptance sampling methods: single
    • Double
    • And sequential sampling plans
    • Measurement System Analysis (MSA): calibration
    • Gage R&R
    • Traceability in aerospace metrology
    • Practical applications: inspection of aerospace components and sub-assemblies
  • Unit 3.0: Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) and Reliability Engineering
    • Introduction to NDT: principles
    • Advantages
    • Limitations
    • Techniques: radiographic testing
    • Ultrasonic testing
    • Eddy current testing
    • Magnetic particle inspection
    • Dye penetrant testing
    • Thermography
    • Standards and certification for NDT personnel (NAS-410
    • EN 4179)
    • Reliability concepts: MTBF
    • MTTF
    • Hazard rate
    • Reliability block diagrams
    • Reliability tools: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
    • Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
    • Applications in aircraft structures
    • Engines
    • Composites
    • And avionics
  • Unit 4.0: Quality Assurance Systems and Certification
    • Concepts of quality assurance in aerospace manufacturing and MRO
    • Aerospace Quality Management Systems (QMS): ISO 9001
    • AS9100 Rev D
    • EASA Part-145
    • Audit processes: internal audits
    • Supplier audits
    • Regulatory audits
    • Corrective and preventive actions (CAPA)
    • Root cause analysis (RCA)
    • Certification processes for aerospace materials
    • Components
    • And systems Case studies: QA practices in aircraft OEMs and MRO facilities
  • Unit 5.0: Modern Practices and Future Trends in Aerospace Quality I
    • Continuous improvement methodologies: Lean
    • Six Sigma
    • Kaizen in aerospace
    • Digital quality assurance: Industry 4.0
    • IoT
    • Blockchain for traceability
    • AI for defect detection
    • Predictive maintenance and quality integration with digital twins
    • Sustainability and environmental considerations in aerospace QA (green manufacturing
    • Eco-friendly materials)
  • Unit 6.0: Modern Practices and Future Trends in Aerospace Quality II
    • Future challenges: quality assurance for UAVs
    • EVTOLs
    • And space vehicles
    • Case studies: Boeing 787 Dreamliner & Airbus A350 quality challenges

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Quality Assurance in Aerospace Industries, D. J. Hume, McGraw-Hill Education, 2016 ISBN-10: 0071433465, ISBN-13: 978-0071433464
  2. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, Douglas C. Montgomery, Wiley, 7th Edition, 2019 ISBN-10: 111972309X, ISBN-13: 978-1119723092.
  3. Reliability Engineering and Risk Analysis: A Practical Guide, Mohammad Modarres, CRC Press, 3rd Edition, 2016 ISBN-10: 149875309X, ISBN-13: 978-1498753094.
  4. Non-Destructive Testing Handbook (Vol. 1-10), American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), ASNT Publications, Latest Edition ISBN-10: 1732420545 ISBN-13: 978-1732420545.
  5. AS9100D: Quality Management Systems for Aviation, Space and Defense SAE, International, SAE Standards, 2016, ISBN-10: 0997781913, ISBN-13: 978-0997781915.
  6. Reliability, Maintainability and Risk: Practical Methods for Engineers, David J. Smith, Butterworth-Heinemann, 9th Edition, 2017, ISBN-10: 0128054271, ISBN-13: 978-0128054276.

Program Elective III: Aircraft Systems and Avionics [116708]

  • Unit 1.0: Aircraft Systems Overview and Control Mechanisms
    • Explain the roles and types of aircraft control systems including mechanical
    • Powered
    • And digital fly-by-wire
    • Describe the operational principles of autopilot systems and their role in aircraft stability and control
    • Identify the modeling methods of aircraft electrical systems using force-voltage and force-current analogies
    • Compare control system configurations used in civil vs. military aircraft
  • Unit 2.0: Hydraulic, Pneumatic, and Landing Gear Systems
    • Describe the layout and working principles of hydraulic systems used in flight control surfaces
    • Explain the function and advantages of pneumatic systems in aircraft
    • Analyze the working of air pressure-based systems for braking and actuation
    • Classify various types of landing gear systems and assess their design criteria
  • Unit 3.0: Fuel, Lubrication, and Powerplant Support Systems
    • Identify and distinguish between fuel system configurations for piston and jet engines
    • Illustrate the operation of lubrication systems including dry sump and wet sump types
    • Understand ignition and starting system mechanisms in various engine types
    • Apply knowledge to analyze reliability and redundancy in fuel and lubrication systems
  • Unit 4.0: Aircraft Instruments and Avionics Interfaces
    • Describe and classify flight instruments (altimeters
    • Gyros
    • Mach meters
    • Etc.) based on operational principles
    • Understand the structure and application of digital cockpit instrumentation systems
    • Explain the working principles and integration of CRT
    • FLIR
    • And NVG-based human-machine interfaces
    • Interpret basic signal encoding formats and their roles in avionics
  • Unit 5.0: Communication
    • Understand the working and limitations of aircraft communication systems including HF
    • VHF
    • UHF
    • And SATCOM
    • Describe collision avoidance systems such as TCAS and their integration in civil aircraft
  • Unit 6.0: Navigation Avionics
    • Analyze various radio navigation technologies like GPS
    • DME
    • VOR
    • LORAN
    • And their principles of operation
    • Explain interrogator and transponder functionalities in airborne navigation systems

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Systems E.H.J. Pallet Longman, Scientific and Technical, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-10: 0582086272, ISBN-13: 978-0582086272
  2. Introduction to Avionics, R.P.G. Collinson Springer, 3rd Edition, ISBN-10: 940070707X, ISBN-13: 978-9400707078
  3. A Pilot's Guide to Aircraft and Their Systems, Dale Crane ASA Publications, ISBN-10: 9781560274612, ISBN-13: 978-1560274612.
  4. The Avionics Handbook, Cary R. Spitzer, CRC Press, ISBN 0-8493-8348-X
  5. Digital Avionics Systems, C.R. Spitzer, Prentice Hall.

Program Elective III: Vibration and Aeroelasticity [116709]

  • Unit 1.0: Systems with One Degree of Freedom
    • Degrees of Freedom: Definition and examples
    • Equations of Motion: Newton's laws and Energy method
    • General Solution: Free and forced vibration response
    • Steady-State Analysis: Amplitude and phase in harmonic loading
    • System Types: Rectilinear and rotational
    • Vibrations: Free & forced (undamped and damped)
    • D'Alembert's Principle and Virtual Displacement
    • Lagrange's Equation: Derivation and application
    • Generalized Forces: Concept and formulation
  • Unit 2.0: Systems with Two Degrees of Freedom
    • Undamped free vibrations of 2-DOF systems
    • Principal modes and mode shapes
    • Semi-definitive systems: special characteristics
    • Steady-state undamped forced vibrations
    • Damped free vibrations in 2-DOF systems
    • Steady-state forced vibrations with damping
    • Influence coefficients and their significance
    • Generalized coordinates and coordinate coupling
    • Principal coordinates for decoupling equations
    • Orthogonality of principal modes of vibration
  • Unit 3.0: Multi-Degree of Freedom System I
    • Matrix method for formulating equations of motion
    • Free vibrations of multi-DOF systems
    • Principal modes and mode shapes
    • Normal coordinates for system decoupling
    • Orthogonality of principal modes of vibration
    • Semi-definitive systems and their characteristics
  • Unit 4.0: Multi-Degree of Freedom System II
    • Systems with equal natural frequencies
    • Influence coefficients and their role in system response
    • Determination of natural frequencies and modes using matrix iteration
    • Damped free vibrations in multi-DOF systems
    • Forced vibrations and response analysis
  • Unit 5.0: Aeroelasticity
    • Definition of aeroelasticity and its historical background
    • Static aeroelastic phenomena (divergence
    • Control reversal)
    • Dynamic aeroelastic phenomena (flutter
    • Buffeting
    • Stall flutter)
    • Integration of aerodynamic
    • Elastic
    • And inertial forces
  • Unit 6.0: Aeroelasticity
    • Influence of aeroelastic effects on aircraft design
    • Comparison and evaluation of critical speeds
    • Flutter phenomenon and analysis for aircraft wings
    • Flutter analysis for a cantilever wing
    • Approximate determination of critical speed using Galerkin's method
    • Introduction to buffeting and stall flutter.

Text/Reference Books:

  1. Mechanical Vibrations, S. S. Rao, Pearson Education 6th Edition (2017),
  2. Theory of Vibration with Applications, William T. Thomson, Marie Dillon Dahleh, Pearson Education 5th Edition (2017).
  3. Fundamentals of Vibrations, Leonard Meirovitch, McGraw-Hill Education 1st Edition (2001).
  4. A Modern Course in Aeroelasticity, Robert Clark and Earl H. Dowell, Springer 5th Edition (2013).
  5. Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Aeroelasticity, Dewey H. Hodges and G. Alvin Pierce, Cambridge University Press 2nd Edition (2011).
  6. Principles of Vibration, Benson H. Tongue, Oxford University Press 2nd Edition (2007).

Flight Vehicle Design Lab [116701P]

Preform all Experiments

  • Conduct a mission profile and requirement analysis for a selected flight vehicle.
  • Perform empirical aircraft weight estimation using standard statistical methods.
  • Determine fuel fraction and fuel weight distribution for a multi-segment mission.
  • Construct wing loading and thrust loading constraint diagrams using computational tools.
  • Analyze airfoil aerodynamic characteristics using XFOIL across multiple flow conditions
  • Perform wing and tail sizing using aerodynamic and geometric design parameters.
  • Compute aircraft stability and control derivatives using AVL or equivalent software
  • Simulate aircraft performance for take-off, climb, cruise, and landing phases.
  • Develop a conceptual CAD model of a complete flight vehicle configuration.
  • Prepare and present a comprehensive conceptual flight vehicle design report..

Summer Internship-II [116710P]

Details for Summer Internship-II will be provided by the department

Project-I [116711P]

Details for Project-I will be provided by the department

NPTEL Courses-II [116712P]

Details for NPTEL Courses-II will be provided by the department

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